Chacko Jose, Brar Gagan
Multidisciplinary Intensive Care Unit, Manipal Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Indian J Crit Care Med. 2014 May;18(5):301-9. doi: 10.4103/0972-5229.132492.
There is increasing interest in the use of ultrasound to assess and guide the management of critically ill patients. The ability to carry out quick examinations by the bedside to answer specific clinical queries as well as repeatability are clear advantages in an acute care setting. In addition, delays associated with transfer of patients out of the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and exposure to ionizing radiation may also be avoided. Ultrasonographic imaging looks set to evolve and complement clinical examination of acutely ill patients, offering quick answers by the bedside. In this two-part narrative review, we describe the applications of ultrasonography with a special focus on the management of the critically ill. Part I explores the utility of echocardiography in the ICU, with emphasis on its usefulness in the management of hemodynamically unstable patients. We also discuss lung ultrasonography - a vastly underutilized technology for several years, until intensivists began to realize its usefulness, and obvious advantages over chest radiography. Ultrasonography is rapidly emerging as an important tool in the hands of intensive care physicians.
超声在评估和指导危重症患者管理方面的应用正受到越来越多的关注。在床边进行快速检查以回答特定临床问题的能力以及可重复性，在急性护理环境中具有明显优势。此外，还可避免与将患者转出重症监护病房（ICU）相关的延误以及暴露于电离辐射。超声成像似乎将不断发展并补充对急重症患者的临床检查，在床边提供快速答案。在这篇分两部分的叙述性综述中，我们描述超声检查的应用，特别关注危重症的管理。第一部分探讨超声心动图在ICU中的效用，重点是其在血流动力学不稳定患者管理中的作用。我们还讨论肺部超声检查——这项技术多年来未得到充分利用，直到重症医学专家开始认识到其效用以及相对于胸部X线摄影的明显优势。超声检查正迅速成为重症监护医师手中的一项重要工具。
