a Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology , University of Vigo , Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense , Spain.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2015;55(10):1383-405. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2012.697497.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a family of toxicants that are ubiquitous in the environment. These contaminants generate considerable interest, because some of them are highly carcinogenic in laboratory animals and have been implicated in breast, lung, and colon cancers in humans. Dietary intake of PAHs constitutes a major source of exposure in humans. Factors affecting the accumulation of PAHs in the diet, their absorption following ingestion, and strategies to assess risk from exposure to these hydrocarbons following ingestion have received very little attention. This review, therefore, focuses on concentrations of PAHs in widely consumed dietary ingredients along with gastrointestinal absorption rates in humans. Metabolism and bioavailability of PAHs in animal models and the processes, which influence the disposition of these chemicals, are discussed. Finally, based on intake, disposition, and tumorigenesis data, the exposure risk to PAHs from diet is presented. This information is expected to provide a framework for refinements in risk assessment of PAHs.
多环芳烃（PAHs）是一组在环境中普遍存在的有毒物质。这些污染物引起了相当大的关注，因为其中一些在实验室动物中具有高度致癌性，并与人类的乳腺癌、肺癌和结肠癌有关。膳食摄入 PAHs 是人类暴露的主要来源。影响饮食中 PAHs 积累、摄入后吸收以及评估摄入这些碳氢化合物后暴露风险的策略，受到的关注很少。因此，本综述重点关注广泛食用的膳食成分中的 PAHs 浓度以及人类胃肠道的吸收率。本文还讨论了动物模型中 PAHs 的代谢和生物利用度以及影响这些化学物质处置的过程。最后，根据摄入量、处置和肿瘤发生数据，提出了饮食中 PAHs 的暴露风险。这些信息有望为 PAHs 的风险评估提供框架。
