Schuch W, Bird C R, Ray J, Smith C J, Watson C F, Morris P C, Gray J E, Arnold C, Seymour G B, Tucker G A
ICI Seeds, Plant Biotechnology Section, Bracknell, Berkshire, UK.
Plant Mol Biol. 1989 Sep;13(3):303-11. doi: 10.1007/BF00025318.
Ripening is a complex developmental process involving changes in the biochemistry, physiology and gene expression of the fruit. It is an active process characterised by changes in all cellular compartments. cDNA cloning has been used as an approach to analyse changes in gene expression during fruit ripening. This has revealed that several genes are switched on specifically during fruit ripening, including one encoding polygalacturonase (PG), a major cell wall protein. These cDNA clones have been used to study the expression of the genes in normal and ripening mutant fruits, and under environmental stress conditions. The PG gene has been isolated and it has been demonstrated that 1450 bases 5' of the coding region are sufficient for the tissue- and development-specific expression of a bacterial marker gene in transgenic tomatoes. Antisense RNA techniques have been developed to generate novel mutant tomatoes in which the biochemical function of this enzyme and its involvement in fruit softening has been tested.
果实成熟是一个复杂的发育过程，涉及果实生物化学、生理学及基因表达的变化。这是一个活跃的过程，其特征是所有细胞区室都发生变化。互补DNA（cDNA）克隆已被用作分析果实成熟过程中基因表达变化的一种方法。这揭示了几个基因在果实成熟过程中特异性开启，包括一个编码多聚半乳糖醛酸酶（PG）的基因，PG是一种主要的细胞壁蛋白。这些cDNA克隆已被用于研究正常果实和成熟突变体果实中这些基因的表达，以及在环境胁迫条件下的表达。PG基因已被分离出来，并且已经证明，在转基因番茄中，编码区5'端的1450个碱基足以实现细菌标记基因的组织特异性和发育特异性表达。已开发出反义RNA技术来培育新型突变番茄，其中对这种酶的生化功能及其在果实软化中的作用进行了测试。
