Yousefpour Parisa, Chilkoti Ashutosh
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, 27708.
Biotechnol Bioeng. 2014 Sep;111(9):1699-716. doi: 10.1002/bit.25307. Epub 2014 Jul 21.
The goal of drug delivery is to improve the safety and therapeutic efficacy of drugs. This review focuses on delivery platforms that are either derived from endogenous pathways, long-circulating biomolecules and cells or that piggyback onto long-circulating biomolecules and cells. The first class of such platforms is protein-based delivery systems--albumin, transferrin, and fusion to the Fc domain of antibodies--that have a long-circulation half-life and are designed to transport different molecules. The second class is lipid-based delivery systems-lipoproteins and exosomes-that are naturally occurring circulating lipid particles. The third class is cell-based delivery systems--erythrocytes, macrophages, and platelets--that have evolved, for reasons central to their function, to exhibit a long life-time in the body. The last class is small molecule-based delivery systems that include folic acid. This article reviews the biology of these systems, their application in drug delivery, and the promises and limitations of these endogenous systems for drug delivery.
药物递送的目标是提高药物的安全性和治疗效果。本综述聚焦于源自内源性途径、长循环生物分子和细胞的递送平台，或搭载于长循环生物分子和细胞的递送平台。此类平台的第一类是基于蛋白质的递送系统——白蛋白、转铁蛋白以及与抗体Fc结构域的融合蛋白——它们具有较长的循环半衰期，旨在运输不同的分子。第二类是基于脂质的递送系统——脂蛋白和外泌体——它们是天然存在的循环脂质颗粒。第三类是基于细胞的递送系统——红细胞、巨噬细胞和血小板——由于其功能的核心原因，它们在体内具有较长的寿命。最后一类是基于小分子的递送系统，包括叶酸。本文综述了这些系统的生物学特性、它们在药物递送中的应用，以及这些内源性系统用于药物递送的前景和局限性。
