下尿路生理和药理学中的性别差异。
Sex differences in the physiology and pharmacology of the lower urinary tract.
作者信息
Patra Phani B, Patra Sayani
机构信息
King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, Pa., USA.
出版信息
Curr Urol. 2013 Feb;6(4):179-88. doi: 10.1159/000343536. Epub 2013 Feb 8.
Abstract
Sexual dimorphism is not only noticed in the prevalence of many diseases, but also in multiple physiological functions in the body. This review has summarized findings from published literature on the sex differences of the pathophysiology and pharmacology of the lower urinary tract (LUT) of humans and animals. Sex differences have been found in several key areas of the LUT, such as overactive bladder, expression and function of neurotransmitter receptors in the bladder and urethra, and micturition patterns in humans and animals. It is anticipated that this review will not only evoke renewed interest for further research on the mechanism of sex differences in the pathophysiology of the LUT (especially for overactive bladder), but might also open up the possibilities for gender-based drug development by pharmaceutical industries in order to find separate cures for men and women with diseases of the LUT.
摘要
性别差异不仅体现在许多疾病的患病率上，还体现在身体的多种生理功能中。本综述总结了已发表文献中关于人类和动物下尿路（LUT）病理生理学和药理学性别差异的研究结果。在LUT的几个关键领域发现了性别差异，如膀胱过度活动症、膀胱和尿道中神经递质受体的表达和功能，以及人类和动物的排尿模式。预计本综述不仅会唤起人们对LUT病理生理学性别差异机制（尤其是膀胱过度活动症）进一步研究的新兴趣，还可能为制药行业基于性别的药物开发开辟可能性，以便为患有LUT疾病的男性和女性找到不同的治疗方法。
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