Kidgell Joel T, de Nys Rocky, Hu Yi, Paul Nicholas A, Roberts David A
MACRO - The Centre for Macroalgal Resources and Biotechnology, and School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.
Advanced Analytical Centre, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.
PLoS One. 2014 Jun 11;9(2):e94706. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094706. eCollection 2014.
Biosorption with macroalgae is a promising technology for the bioremediation of industrial effluents. However, the vast majority of research has been conducted on simple mock effluents with little data available on the performance of biosorbents in complex effluents. Here we evaluate the efficacy of dried biomass, biochar, and Fe-treated biomass and biochar to remediate 21 elements from a real-world industrial effluent from a coal-fired power station. The biosorbents were produced from the freshwater macroalga Oedogonium sp. (Chlorophyta) that is native to the industrial site from which the effluent was sourced, and which has been intensively cultivated to provide a feed stock for biosorbents. The effect of pH and exposure time on sorption was also assessed. These biosorbents showed specificity for different suites of elements, primarily differentiated by ionic charge. Overall, biochar and Fe-biochar were more successful biosorbents than their biomass counterparts. Fe-biochar adsorbed metalloids (As, Mo, and Se) at rates independent of effluent pH, while untreated biochar removed metals (Al, Cd, Ni and Zn) at rates dependent on pH. This study demonstrates that the biomass of Oedogonium is an effective substrate for the production of biosorbents to remediate both metals and metalloids from a complex industrial effluent.
大型藻类生物吸附是一种很有前景的工业废水生物修复技术。然而，绝大多数研究是针对简单模拟废水进行的，关于生物吸附剂在复杂废水中性能的数据很少。在此，我们评估了干燥生物质、生物炭以及经铁处理的生物质和生物炭对一家燃煤发电站实际工业废水中21种元素的修复效果。这些生物吸附剂由淡水大型藻类鞘藻属（绿藻门）制成，该藻类原产于废水来源的工业场地，并且已经进行了密集培养以提供生物吸附剂的原料。还评估了pH值和暴露时间对吸附的影响。这些生物吸附剂对不同元素组具有特异性，主要由离子电荷区分。总体而言，生物炭和铁生物炭作为生物吸附剂比其生物质对应物更成功。铁生物炭以与废水pH值无关的速率吸附类金属（砷、钼和硒），而未处理的生物炭以取决于pH值的速率去除金属（铝、镉、镍和锌）。这项研究表明，鞘藻的生物质是生产生物吸附剂以修复复杂工业废水中金属和类金属的有效基质。
