Mason S L, Grant I A, Elliott J, Cripps P, Blackwood L
School of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston, CH64 7TE.
J Small Anim Pract. 2014 Aug;55(8):391-8. doi: 10.1111/jsap.12237. Epub 2014 Jun 11.
To assess the prevalence of gastrointestinal toxicity in dogs receiving chemotherapy with vincristine and cyclophosphamide and the efficacy of maropitant citrate (Cerenia™, Zoetis) in reducing these events.
Dogs receiving chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide or vincristine were randomised to either receive maropitant or not in the period immediately after treatment and for 4 days afterwards. Owners completed a diary of adverse events following treatment.
Adverse events occurred in 40/58 (69%) dogs in the vincristine group. Most of these adverse events were mild and included: lethargy (62%), appetite loss (43%), diarrhoea (34%) and vomiting (24%). Adverse events occurred in 34/42 (81%) dogs treated with cyclophosphamide. Most of these adverse events were mild and included: lethargy (62%), diarrhoea (36%), appetite loss (36%) and vomiting (21%). There was no difference in total clinical score, vomiting, diarrhoea, appetite loss or lethargy score between dogs treated with maropitant and non-treated dogs in either the vincristine or cyclophosphamide groups.
Chemotherapy-related side effects are frequent but usually mild in dogs receiving vincristine or cyclophosphamide. Prophylactic administration of maropitant does not reduce the frequency of adverse events and maropitant should be administered only as required for individual cases.
评估接受长春新碱和环磷酰胺化疗的犬胃肠道毒性的发生率，以及柠檬酸马罗匹坦（Cerenia™，硕腾公司）减少这些事件的疗效。
接受环磷酰胺或长春新碱化疗的犬在治疗后即刻及之后4天被随机分为接受或不接受马罗匹坦治疗两组。主人完成治疗后不良事件日记。
长春新碱组58只犬中有40只（69%）发生不良事件。这些不良事件大多为轻度，包括：嗜睡（62%）、食欲减退（43%）、腹泻（34%）和呕吐（24%）。接受环磷酰胺治疗的42只犬中有34只（81%）发生不良事件。这些不良事件大多为轻度，包括：嗜睡（62%）、腹泻（36%）、食欲减退（36%）和呕吐（21%）。在长春新碱组或环磷酰胺组中，接受马罗匹坦治疗的犬与未接受治疗的犬在总临床评分、呕吐、腹泻、食欲减退或嗜睡评分方面没有差异。
接受长春新碱或环磷酰胺治疗的犬化疗相关副作用常见但通常为轻度。预防性给予马罗匹坦并不能降低不良事件的发生率，马罗匹坦应仅根据个别病例的需要给药。
