Harrington Oncology Program, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA, USA.
J Vet Intern Med. 2010 Nov-Dec;24(6):1452-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2010.0611.x. Epub 2010 Oct 12.
Vomiting, nausea, inappetence, and diarrhea are common delayed adverse effects of doxorubicin. Maropitant, a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist, is known to prevent acute vomiting in dogs receiving cisplatin.
To evaluate the efficacy of maropitant in preventing delayed vomiting after administration of doxorubicin to dogs.
Fifty-nine dogs with cancer.
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study used a cross-over design. Dogs were randomized into 1 of 2 treatment groups. Group A received maropitant after the 1st doxorubicin, and placebo after the 2nd. Group B received placebo first, and maropitant second. Maropitant (2 mg/kg) or placebo tablets were administered PO for 5 days after doxorubicin treatment. Owners completed visual analog scales based on Veterinary Cooperative Oncology Group-Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events to grade their pet's clinical signs during the week after administration of doxorubicin. Statistical differences in gastrointestinal toxicosis and myelosuppression between maropitant and placebo treatments were evaluated.
Significantly fewer dogs had vomiting (P=.001) or diarrhea (P=.041), and the severity of vomiting (P<.001) and diarrhea (P=.024) was less the week after doxorubicin when receiving maropitant compared with placebo. No differences were found between maropitant and placebo for other gastrointestinal and bone marrow toxicoses.
Maropitant is effective in preventing delayed vomiting induced by doxorubicin. Its prophylactic use might improve quality of life and decrease the need for dose reductions in certain dogs.
呕吐、恶心、食欲不振和腹泻是多柔比星的常见迟发性不良反应。已知神经激肽-1 受体拮抗剂马罗匹坦可预防接受顺铂治疗的犬发生急性呕吐。
评估马罗匹坦预防多柔比星给药后犬发生迟发性呕吐的疗效。
59 只患有癌症的犬。
这项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照研究采用交叉设计。犬随机分为 2 个治疗组之一。组 A 在第 1 次多柔比星后给予马罗匹坦，在第 2 次多柔比星后给予安慰剂。组 B 先给予安慰剂，然后给予马罗匹坦。马罗匹坦（2 mg/kg）或安慰剂片剂在多柔比星治疗后 5 天内 PO 给药。主人根据兽医协作肿瘤学组-常见不良事件术语标准，基于视觉模拟量表对宠物在多柔比星给药后 1 周内的临床症状进行评分。评估马罗匹坦与安慰剂治疗之间胃肠道毒性和骨髓抑制的统计学差异。
与接受安慰剂相比，接受马罗匹坦的犬呕吐（P=.001）或腹泻（P=.041）的发生率显著降低，且呕吐（P<.001）和腹泻（P=.024）的严重程度较低。马罗匹坦与安慰剂在其他胃肠道和骨髓毒性方面无差异。
马罗匹坦可有效预防多柔比星引起的迟发性呕吐。其预防性使用可能会改善生活质量并减少某些犬减少剂量的需求。
