导致对 HIV 疫苗试验知晓率的种族/民族差异的原因。
Sources of racial/ethnic differences in awareness of HIV vaccine trials.
机构信息
Michael P. Arnold, Michele Andrasik, Shelly Karuna, and Steven Wakefield are with the Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA. Stewart Landers is with Boston Health Services, John Snow Inc., Boston, MA. Matthew J. Mimiaga is with the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Cambridge, MA. Kenneth Mayer is with the Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard School of Public Health. Susan Buchbinder is with Bridge HIV, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA. Beryl A. Koblin is with Project Achieve, New York Blood Center, New York, NY.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 2014 Aug;104(8):e112-8. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2014.301893. Epub 2014 Jun 12.
OBJECTIVES
We explored the relative effects of 2 awareness components-exposure and attention-on racial/ethnic differences in HIV vaccine trial awareness among men who have sex with men (MSM).
METHODS
Surveys assessing awareness of and attitudes toward HIV vaccine trials were administered to 1723 MSM in 6 US cities. Proxy measures of exposure included use of HIV resources and other health care services, community involvement, income, and residence. Attention proxy measures included research attitudes, HIV susceptibility, and HIV message fatigue. Using logistic regression models, we assessed the extent to which these proxies accounted for racial/ethnic differences in vaccine trial awareness.
RESULTS
White MSM reported significantly (P < .01) higher rates of HIV vaccine trial awareness (22%) compared with Latino (17%), Black (13%) and "other" (13%) MSM. Venue-based exposure proxies and research-directed attitudinal attention proxies were significantly associated with awareness, but only accounted for the White-Latino disparity in awareness. No proxies accounted for the White-Black or White-"other" differentials in awareness.
CONCLUSIONS
Sources of disparities in awareness of HIV vaccine trials remain to be explained. Future trials seeking to promote diverse participation should explore additional exposure and attention mediators.
目的
我们探讨了两种意识成分——接触和关注——对男男性行为者（MSM）中 HIV 疫苗试验意识的种族/民族差异的相对影响。
方法
在 6 个美国城市对 1723 名 MSM 进行了评估对 HIV 疫苗试验的认识和态度的调查。接触的代理指标包括使用 HIV 资源和其他医疗保健服务、社区参与、收入和居住地。关注的代理指标包括研究态度、HIV 易感性和 HIV 信息疲劳。使用逻辑回归模型，我们评估了这些代理指标在多大程度上解释了疫苗试验意识的种族/民族差异。
结果
与拉丁裔（17%）、非裔（13%）和“其他”（13%）MSM 相比，白人 MSM 报告 HIV 疫苗试验意识（22%）显著更高（P<.01）。基于场所的接触代理指标和以研究为导向的关注态度代理指标与意识显著相关，但仅解释了意识方面的白人和拉丁裔差异。没有代理指标可以解释白人和黑人或白人和“其他”之间的意识差异。
结论
HIV 疫苗试验意识差异的原因仍有待解释。未来旨在促进多样化参与的试验应探索其他的接触和关注中介因素。
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