Zhang Wenli, Zhang Tao, Wu Yufeng, Jiang Jiming
Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wis., USA.
Cytogenet Genome Res. 2014;143(1-3):18-27. doi: 10.1159/000362827. Epub 2014 Jun 6.
Sensitivity to DNase I digestion is an indicator of the accessibility and configuration of chromatin in eukaryotic genomes. Open chromatin exhibits high sensitivity to DNase I cleavage. DNase I hypersensitive sites (DHSs) in eukaryotic genomes can be identified through DNase I treatment followed by sequencing (DNase-seq). DHSs are most frequently associated with various cis-regulatory DNA elements, including promoters, enhancers, and silencers in both animal and plant genomes. Genome-wide identification of DHSs provides an efficient method to interpret previously un-annotated regulatory DNA sequences. In this review, we provide an overview of the historical perspective of DHS research in eukaryotes. We summarize the main achievements of DHS research in model animal species and review the recent progress of DHS research in plants. We finally discuss possible future directions of using DHS as a tool in plant genomics research.
对DNase I消化的敏感性是真核基因组中染色质可及性和构型的一个指标。开放染色质对DNase I切割表现出高敏感性。真核基因组中的DNase I超敏位点（DHSs）可通过DNase I处理后测序（DNase-seq）来鉴定。DHSs在动植物基因组中最常与各种顺式调控DNA元件相关，包括启动子、增强子和沉默子。全基因组范围内DHSs的鉴定提供了一种解释先前未注释的调控DNA序列的有效方法。在本综述中，我们概述了真核生物中DHS研究的历史视角。我们总结了模式动物物种中DHS研究的主要成就，并回顾了植物中DHS研究的最新进展。我们最后讨论了将DHS用作植物基因组学研究工具的可能未来方向。
