Terlouw E M, Lawrence A B, Ladewig J, De Passille A M, Rushen J, Schouten W G
Scottish Agricultural College at Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, UK.
Institut fur Tierzucht und Tierverhalten-FAL, Trenthorst/Wulmenau, FRG.
Behav Processes. 1991 Dec;25(2-3):133-53. doi: 10.1016/0376-6357(91)90016-S.
The relationship between the performance of post-feeding stereotypic behaviour and plasma cortisol levels and the effect of prevention of stereotypic behaviour on plasma cortisol levels were studied in chronically restrained sows. In experiment 1 sows classified as high or low stereotypers on the basis of time spent manipulating chain and behaviour directed to the nipple drinker were found not to differ in plasma cortisol levels. Removing the chain and nipple drinkers also did not affect cortisol concentrations of either group. In experiment 2 detailed recordings were made by an automatic logging system of two major categories of stereotypy; chain manipulation and drinking. There were large individual differences in levels of both chain manipulation and drinking. Both activities showed a similar diurnal pattern, but average levels across individuals were not correlated. Both activities showed a continuous distribution across individuals and therefore a correlational rather than factorial analysis was used. Chain manipulation was not correlated to cortisol concentrations on any of the control days and removing the chain for one day (experiment 2A) or for seven days (experiment 2B) was also not accompanied by increased cortisol levels. However individuals showed a consistent cortisol response to chain removal as indicated by correlations between treatment days. Drinking showed a tendency to be negatively correlated to cortisol concentrations on control days. Long-term chain removal was accompanied by an increase in average drinking that showed a non-significant tendency to be negatively correlated to plasma cortisol on treatment days and thus may explain part of the consistency of response to chain removal. The lack of correlation between chain manipulation and plasma cortisol suggests that this activity does not serve to reduce plasma cortisol in chronically restrained sows. The relationship between drinking and cortisol need not necessarily reflect the coping capacity of this behaviour but may be a physiological consequence of the large amounts of water ingested.
在长期受限的母猪中，研究了采食后刻板行为表现与血浆皮质醇水平之间的关系，以及预防刻板行为对血浆皮质醇水平的影响。在实验1中，根据母猪操作链条的时间和指向乳头饮水器的行为，将母猪分为高刻板行为组和低刻板行为组，发现两组母猪的血浆皮质醇水平没有差异。移除链条和乳头饮水器也未影响两组的皮质醇浓度。在实验2中，通过自动记录系统对两类主要刻板行为进行了详细记录：操作链条和饮水。操作链条和饮水的水平在个体间存在很大差异。这两种行为都呈现出相似的昼夜模式，但个体间的平均水平不相关。这两种行为在个体间呈连续分布，因此采用了相关性分析而非因子分析。在任何对照日，操作链条与皮质醇浓度均无相关性，移除链条一天（实验2A）或七天（实验2B）也未伴随皮质醇水平升高。然而，如治疗日之间的相关性所示，个体对链条移除表现出一致的皮质醇反应。在对照日，饮水与皮质醇浓度呈负相关趋势。长期移除链条伴随着平均饮水量增加，在治疗日，饮水量与血浆皮质醇呈负相关，但未达到显著水平，因此这可能解释了对链条移除反应一致性的部分原因。操作链条与血浆皮质醇之间缺乏相关性表明，这种行为并不能降低长期受限母猪的血浆皮质醇水平。饮水与皮质醇之间的关系不一定反映这种行为的应对能力，而可能是大量饮水的生理结果。
