Kamtchum Tatuene J, Pignel R, Pollak P, Lovblad K O, Kleinschmidt A, Vargas M I
From the Neurology Division (J.K.T., P.P., A.K.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences.
Hyperbaric Medicine Centre (R.P.), Department of Emergency Medicine.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2014 Nov-Dec;35(11):2039-44. doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A4005. Epub 2014 Jun 12.
Diving-related decompression illness is classified into 2 main categories: arterial gas embolism and decompression sickness. The latter is further divided into types 1 and 2, depending on the clinical presentation. MR imaging is currently the most accurate neuroimaging technique available for the detection of brain and spinal cord lesions in neurologic type 2 decompression sickness. Rapid bubble formation in tissues and the bloodstream during ascent is the basic pathophysiologic mechanism in decompression illness. These bubbles can damage the central nervous system through different mechanisms, namely arterial occlusion, venous obstruction, or in situ toxicity. Neuroimaging studies of decompression sickness have reported findings associated with each of these mechanisms: some typical results are summarized and illustrated in this article. We also review the limitations of previous work and make practical methodologic suggestions for future neuroimaging studies.
动脉气体栓塞和减压病。后者根据临床表现进一步分为1型和2型。磁共振成像（MR成像）是目前可用于检测神经型2型减压病中脑和脊髓病变的最准确的神经成像技术。上升过程中组织和血液中迅速形成气泡是减压病的基本病理生理机制。这些气泡可通过不同机制损害中枢神经系统，即动脉阻塞、静脉阻塞或原位毒性。减压病的神经成像研究报告了与这些机制中的每一种相关的发现：本文总结并说明了一些典型结果。我们还回顾了以往工作的局限性，并对未来的神经成像研究提出了实用的方法学建议。
