Guerdoux Estelle, Trouillet Raphaël, Brouillet Denis
Laboratory Epsylon, EA 4556 Dynamics of Human Abilities & Health Behaviors, University of Montpellier, 4 Boulevard Henri IV, 34000, Montpellier, France,
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2014 Jul;76(5):1280-6. doi: 10.3758/s13414-014-0703-6.
This study aimed to examine the age-related differences in the olfactory-visual cross-correspondences and the extent to which they are moderated by the odors pleasantness. Sixty participants aged from 20- to 75- years (young, middle-aged and older adults) performed a priming task to explore the influence of six olfactory primes (lemon, orange, rose, thyme, mint and fish) on the categorization (cool vs. warm) of six subsequent color targets (yellow, orange, pink, malachite green, grass-green, and blue-gray). We tested mixed effects models. Response times were regressed on covariates models using both fixed effects (Groups of age, olfactory Pleasantness and multimodal Condition) and cross-random effects (Subject, Color and Odor). The random effects coding for Odor (p < .001) and Color (p = .001) were significant. There was a significant interaction effect ( p= .004) between Condition × Pleasantness, but not with Groups of age. The compatibility effect (i.e., when odors and colors were congruent, the targets processing were facilitated) was as much enhanced as the olfactory primes were pleasant. Cross-correspondences between olfaction and vision may be robust in aging. They should be considered alongside spatiotemporal but also emotional congruency.
本研究旨在考察嗅觉 - 视觉交叉对应关系中的年龄差异，以及气味愉悦度对其的调节程度。60名年龄在20至75岁之间的参与者（年轻人、中年人和老年人）进行了一项启动任务，以探究六种嗅觉启动刺激（柠檬、橙子、玫瑰、百里香、薄荷和鱼）对六个后续颜色目标（黄色、橙色、粉色、孔雀绿、草绿色和蓝灰色）分类（冷色与暖色）的影响。我们测试了混合效应模型。使用固定效应（年龄组、嗅觉愉悦度和多模态条件）和交叉随机效应（受试者、颜色和气味）对协变量模型中的反应时间进行回归分析。气味（p <.001）和颜色（p =.001）的随机效应编码具有显著性。条件×愉悦度之间存在显著的交互效应（p =.004），但与年龄组之间不存在交互效应。兼容性效应（即当气味和颜色一致时，目标处理得到促进）随着嗅觉启动刺激的愉悦度增加而增强。嗅觉与视觉之间的交叉对应关系在衰老过程中可能较为稳定。它们应与时空一致性以及情感一致性一并考虑。
