Nakajima S
Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
Behav Processes. 1994 Jun;32(1):53-66. doi: 10.1016/0376-6357(94)90027-2. Epub 2002 May 28.
Three pigeons were trained in a lighted context on a bidirectional occasion-setting task in which a tone feature (F) signaled food after the green keylight (L:G-, L:FG+) and no food after the red keylight (L:R+, L:FR-). They acquired the former feature-positive (F-P) discrimination and the latter feature-negative (F-N) discrimination at almost equal speed. Another three birds were trained with a F-P discrimination task in a light context (L:G-, L:FG+) and with a F-N discrimination task in a dark context (D:G+, D:FG-). The keylight was always green and two contextual conditions were changed randomly trial by trial. In this training, the F-P discrimination was acquired faster than the F-N discrimination. Then, all birds received a more complex amalgam contingency in which all eight types of trials were presented in the session (D:R-, D:G+, D:FR+, D:FG-, L:R+, L:G-, L:FR-, L:FG+). After they learned the amalgam training, the outcomes of two trial types were changed (D:R+, D:G-), but this treatment failed to reverse the pattern of responding in the remaining trial types.
三只鸽子在有灯光的环境中接受双向情境设置任务训练，在该任务中，音调特征（F）在绿色按键灯亮起后（L:G-，L:FG+）表示有食物，而在红色按键灯亮起后（L:R+，L:FR-）表示无食物。它们以几乎相同的速度习得前者的特征阳性（F-P）辨别和后者的特征阴性（F-N）辨别。另外三只鸟在有灯光的环境中接受F-P辨别任务训练（L:G-，L:FG+），并在黑暗环境中接受F-N辨别任务训练（D:G+，D:FG-）。按键灯始终为绿色，两种情境条件在每次试验中随机变化。在这种训练中，F-P辨别比F-N辨别习得得更快。然后，所有鸽子都接受了更复杂的混合条件训练，其中在一次训练中呈现所有八种类型的试验（D:R-，D:G+，D:FR+，D:FG-，L:R+，L:G-，L:FR-，L:FG+）。在它们学会混合训练后，改变了两种试验类型的结果（D:R+，D:G-），但这种处理未能逆转其余试验类型的反应模式。
