Nawrocka Agnieszka, Mynarski Władysław, Powerska-Didkowska Aneta, Grabara Małgorzata, Garbaciak Wiesław
Department of Recreation, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Mikołowska 72a, 40-065 Katowice, Poland. Tel +48 32 207 51 69.
Med Probl Perform Art. 2014 Jun;29(2):64-9. doi: 10.21091/mppa.2014.2015.
To assess the prevalence and intensity of musculoskeletal pain and to estimate probability of developing playing-related musculoskeletal disorders, depending on risk factors, including gender, years of playing the musical instrument, frequency of practice (number of days per week), average daily practice time, and habitual physical activity level, in young instrumentalists.
A total of 225 instrumentalists aged 10-18 years, including 107 string-players, 64 keyboardists, and 54 wind-players, were investigated. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) together with a numerical visual-analogue pain intensity scale (VAS) was used to assess the participants' musculoskeletal pain.
The young instrumentalists most often complained of pain located in the neck (60.4%), wrists (44.4%), and upper (41.7%) and lower back (38.2%) areas. Girls complained of musculoskeletal pain significantly more often than the boys. A probability of the pain symptoms was increased with each consecutive year of practice (OR 1.135; 95%CI 1.021-1.261).
Musculoskeletal pain in various body parts had already commenced at a young age in our sample of music students, and there was a gender difference (girls were more often affected). Results of our study suggest that an early prophylaxis of playing-related musculoskeletal disorders is needed among young musicians playing the various instruments.
评估年轻乐器演奏者肌肉骨骼疼痛的患病率和强度，并根据包括性别、乐器演奏年限、练习频率（每周天数）、平均每日练习时间和习惯性身体活动水平等风险因素，估计发生与演奏相关的肌肉骨骼疾病的概率。
共调查了225名年龄在10 - 18岁的乐器演奏者，其中包括107名弦乐器演奏者、64名键盘乐器演奏者和54名管乐器演奏者。使用北欧肌肉骨骼问卷（NMQ）以及数字视觉模拟疼痛强度量表（VAS）来评估参与者的肌肉骨骼疼痛情况。
年轻乐器演奏者最常抱怨的疼痛部位是颈部（60.4%）、手腕（44.4%）以及上背部（41.7%）和下背部（38.2%）。女孩抱怨肌肉骨骼疼痛的频率明显高于男孩。随着练习年限的增加，疼痛症状出现的概率也会增加（比值比1.135；95%置信区间1.021 - 1.261）。
在我们的音乐学生样本中，不同身体部位的肌肉骨骼疼痛在年轻时就已开始出现，并且存在性别差异（女孩更易受影响）。我们的研究结果表明，需要对演奏各种乐器的年轻音乐家进行与演奏相关的肌肉骨骼疾病的早期预防。
