King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Vitreoretinal Division, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia University of California-San Diego, Jacobs Retina Center, La Jolla, California, United States.
Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2014 Jun 12;55(7):4304-12. doi: 10.1167/iovs.14-14479.
To determine the prevalence and incidence of epiretinal membranes (ERM) in eyes with inactive extramacular cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).
A case-control report from a longitudinal multicenter observational study by the Studies of the Ocular Complications of AIDS (SOCA) Research Group. A total of 357 eyes of 270 patients with inactive CMV retinitis and 1084 eyes of 552 patients with no ocular opportunistic infection (OOI) were studied. Stereoscopic views of the posterior pole from fundus photographs were assessed at baseline and year 5 visits for the presence of macular ERM. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) logistic regression was used to compare the prevalence and 5-year incidence of ERM in eyes with and without CMV retinitis at enrollment. Crude and adjusted logistic regression was performed adjusting for possible confounders. Main outcome measures included the prevalence, incidence, estimated prevalence, and incidence odds ratios.
The prevalence of ERM at enrollment was 14.8% (53/357) in eyes with CMV retinitis versus 1.8% (19/1084) in eyes with no OOI. The incidence of ERM at 5 years was 18.6% (16/86) in eyes with CMV retinitis versus 2.4% (6/253) in eyes with no OOI. The crude odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval, CI) for prevalence was 9.8 (5.5-17.5) (P < 0.01). The crude OR (95% CI) for incidence was 9.4 (3.2-27.9) (P < 0.01).
A history of extramacular CMV retinitis is associated with increased prevalence and incidence of ERM formation compared to what is seen in eyes without ocular opportunistic infections in AIDS patients.
确定获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）患者中静止性眼外巨细胞病毒（CMV）视网膜炎伴发性内界膜（ERM）的患病率和发病率。
这是一项由 AIDS 的眼部并发症研究（SOCA）研究组进行的纵向多中心观察性研究的病例对照报告。共研究了 270 例静止性 CMV 视网膜炎患者的 357 只眼和 552 例无眼部机会性感染（OOI）患者的 1084 只眼。在基线和第 5 年就诊时，使用眼底照相立体视图评估后极部是否存在黄斑 ERM。使用广义估计方程（GEE）逻辑回归比较了 CMV 视网膜炎眼和无 CMV 视网膜炎眼在入组时的 ERM 患病率和 5 年发病率。进行了未校正和校正逻辑回归，以调整可能的混杂因素。主要观察指标包括患病率、发病率、估计患病率和发病率比值比。
CMV 视网膜炎眼的 ERM 患病率在入组时为 14.8%（53/357），而无 OOI 眼为 1.8%（19/1084）。CMV 视网膜炎眼的 ERM 发病率在第 5 年为 18.6%（16/86），而无 OOI 眼为 2.4%（6/253）。未校正的患病率比值比（OR）（95%置信区间，CI）为 9.8（5.5-17.5）（P < 0.01）。未校正的发病率 OR（95% CI）为 9.4（3.2-27.9）（P < 0.01）。
与无眼部机会性感染的 AIDS 患者相比，眼外 CMV 视网膜炎病史与 ERM 形成的患病率和发病率增加相关。
