Davidson D M, Bradley B J, Landry S M, Iftner C A, Bramblett S N
J Pediatr Health Care. 1989 Jan-Feb;3(1):3-8. doi: 10.1016/0891-5245(89)90043-6.
Coronary artery disease, the major cause of death in developed countries, begins early in childhood. Elevated blood cholesterol, a major risk for coronary artery disease in adults, has been associated at autopsy with atherosclerotic disease in children. To explore the feasibility of mass screening of blood cholesterol levels in children, a school-based screening and education program for fourth-graders was carried out in a Southern California school district. Approximately 10% of the children had blood cholesterol levels of 200 mg/dl or more, the upper limit of desirable levels for adults. These children and their parents returned for repeat cholesterol testing and nutrition counseling. A family history of early coronary artery disease was present in only one third of the children with high cholesterol levels; this fact, coupled with consumable costs less than $2 per child, suggests that cholesterol screening is a practical, cost-effective addition to school health programs.
冠状动脉疾病是发达国家的主要死因，在儿童时期就开始了。血液胆固醇升高是成年人患冠状动脉疾病的主要风险因素，尸检显示儿童的动脉粥样硬化疾病与血液胆固醇升高有关。为了探索对儿童进行血液胆固醇水平大规模筛查的可行性，在南加州的一个学区开展了一项针对四年级学生的基于学校的筛查和教育项目。大约10%的儿童血液胆固醇水平达到或超过200毫克/分升，这是成年人理想水平的上限。这些儿童及其父母返回进行重复胆固醇检测和营养咨询。高胆固醇水平的儿童中只有三分之一有早期冠状动脉疾病家族史；这一事实，再加上每个儿童的检测成本不到2美元，表明胆固醇筛查是学校健康项目中一项实用且具有成本效益的补充措施。
