疾病生态学。片段化对传染病动力学的生态和进化影响。

Disease ecology. Ecological and evolutionary effects of fragmentation on infectious disease dynamics.

机构信息

Metapopulation Research Group, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Post Office Box 65 (Viikinkaari 1), FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Metapopulation Research Group, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Post Office Box 65 (Viikinkaari 1), FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. Department of Biomedical Engineering and Computational Science, Aalto University School of Science, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland.

出版信息

Science. 2014 Jun 13;344(6189):1289-93. doi: 10.1126/science.1253621.

DOI:10.1126/science.1253621

PMID:24926021

Abstract

Ecological theory predicts that disease incidence increases with increasing density of host networks, yet evolutionary theory suggests that host resistance increases accordingly. To test the combined effects of ecological and evolutionary forces on host-pathogen systems, we analyzed the spatiotemporal dynamics of a plant (Plantago lanceolata)-fungal pathogen (Podosphaera plantaginis)relationship for 12 years in over 4000 host populations. Disease prevalence at the metapopulation level was low, with high annual pathogen extinction rates balanced by frequent (re-)colonizations. Highly connected host populations experienced less pathogen colonization and higher pathogen extinction rates than expected; a laboratory assay confirmed that this phenomenon was caused by higher levels of disease resistance in highly connected host populations.

摘要

生态理论预测疾病发病率随宿主网络密度的增加而增加，但进化理论表明，宿主的抵抗力也随之增加。为了检验生态和进化力量对宿主-病原体系统的综合影响，我们对一种植物（车前草）-真菌病原体（梨孢属）的时空动态进行了为期 12 年的研究，涉及超过 4000 个宿主种群。在局域种群水平上，疾病流行率较低，高年度病原体灭绝率与频繁（再）殖民化相平衡。高度连接的宿主种群经历的病原体定植较少，病原体灭绝率高于预期；实验室检测证实，这种现象是由高度连接的宿主种群中更高水平的疾病抗性引起的。