Igawa Tatsuya, Katsuhira Junji
Department of Rehabilitation, International University of Health and Welfare Mita Hospital, Japan.
J Phys Ther Sci. 2014 May;26(5):629-31. doi: 10.1589/jpts.26.629. Epub 2014 May 29.
[Purpose] The purposes of this study were to investigate the lower extremity joint kinematics and kinetics of patients with the knee osteoarthritis (knee OA) during stair descent and clarify the biomechanical factors related to their difficulty in stair descent. [Subjects and Methods] Eight healthy elderly persons and four knee OA patients participated in this study. A 3-D motion analysis system and force plates were employed to measure lower extremity joint angles, ranges of motion, joint moments, joint powers, and ratios of contribution for the joint powers while descending stairs. [Results] Knee joint flexion angle, extension moment, and negative power during the early stance phase in the knee OA group were smaller than those in the healthy subjects group. However, no significant changes in these parameters in the ankle joint were observed between the two subject groups. [Conclusion] Knee OA patients could not use the knee joint to absorb impact during the early stance phase of stair descent. Hence, they might compensate for the roles played by the intact knee joint by mainly using ipsilateral ankle kinematics and kinetics.
[目的]本研究旨在调查膝关节骨关节炎（膝骨关节炎，knee OA）患者下楼梯时的下肢关节运动学和动力学，并阐明与其下楼梯困难相关的生物力学因素。[对象与方法]8名健康老年人和4名膝骨关节炎患者参与了本研究。在下楼梯时，使用三维运动分析系统和测力板测量下肢关节角度、运动范围、关节力矩、关节功率以及关节功率的贡献率。[结果]膝骨关节炎组在站立初期的膝关节屈曲角度、伸展力矩和负功率均小于健康受试者组。然而，两组受试者之间踝关节的这些参数未观察到显著变化。[结论]膝骨关节炎患者在下楼梯站立初期无法利用膝关节吸收冲击力。因此，他们可能主要通过同侧踝关节的运动学和动力学来代偿健全膝关节所起的作用。
