Forn-Cuní Gabriel, Reis Edimara S, Dios Sonia, Posada David, Lambris John D, Figueras Antonio, Novoa Beatriz
Institute of Marine Research, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Vigo, Spain.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2014 Jun 13;9(6):e99673. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099673. eCollection 2014.
The complement system acts as a first line of defense and promotes organism homeostasis by modulating the fates of diverse physiological processes. Multiple copies of component genes have been previously identified in fish, suggesting a key role for this system in aquatic organisms. Herein, we confirm the presence of three different previously reported complement c3 genes (c3.1, c3.2, c3.3) and identify five additional c3 genes (c3.4, c3.5, c3.6, c3.7, c3.8) in the zebrafish genome. Additionally, we evaluate the mRNA expression levels of the different c3 genes during ontogeny and in different tissues under steady-state and inflammatory conditions. Furthermore, while reconciling the phylogenetic tree with the fish species tree, we uncovered an event of c3 duplication common to all teleost fishes that gave rise to an exclusive c3 paralog (c3.7 and c3.8). These paralogs showed a distinct ability to regulate neutrophil migration in response to injury compared with the other c3 genes and may play a role in maintaining the balance between inflammatory and homeostatic processes in zebrafish.
补体系统作为第一道防线，通过调节多种生理过程的命运来促进机体稳态。此前已在鱼类中鉴定出多个补体成分基因拷贝，表明该系统在水生生物中起关键作用。在此，我们证实了斑马鱼基因组中存在三种先前报道的不同补体c3基因（c3.1、c3.2、c3.3），并鉴定出另外五个c3基因（c3.4、c3.5、c3.6、c3.7、c3.8）。此外，我们评估了不同c3基因在个体发育过程中以及在稳态和炎症条件下不同组织中的mRNA表达水平。此外，在将系统发育树与鱼类物种树进行比对时，我们发现了所有硬骨鱼共有的一次c3基因复制事件，该事件产生了一个独特的c3旁系同源基因（c3.7和c3.8）。与其他c3基因相比，这些旁系同源基因在响应损伤时显示出调节中性粒细胞迁移的独特能力，可能在维持斑马鱼炎症和稳态过程之间的平衡中发挥作用。
