Bouffard Jeff A
Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX, USA
Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol. 2015 Dec;59(13):1385-408. doi: 10.1177/0306624X14539126. Epub 2014 Jun 13.
Deterrence represents the central theoretical core of the American criminal justice system, yet relatively little attention has been paid to how emotions like fear and anger may relate to deterrence. Psychological research has debated whether negative emotions each have similar impacts on decision making (valence approaches) or if distinct emotions have unique impacts (appraisal tendency approaches). This study explores the direct and indirect influences of fear and anger on hypothetical drunk driving likelihood, including their impact on cost perceptions. Surveys were administered to 1,013 male and female incarcerated felony offenders in the Southwestern United States. Using a multivariate path model and controlling for a number of other individual factors, current fear related to increased cost perceptions and anger to decreased costs. Anger also maintained a direct influence on drunk driving, whereas fear did not. Despite their shared negative valence, fear and anger appear to have dissimilar influences on cost perceptions and criminal decision making. A better understanding of these processes may lead to improved crime prevention approaches.
威慑是美国刑事司法系统的核心理论，然而人们相对较少关注恐惧和愤怒等情绪与威慑之间的关系。心理学研究一直在争论负面情绪是各自对决策产生相似影响（效价方法），还是不同情绪有独特影响（评估倾向方法）。本研究探讨恐惧和愤怒对假设的酒后驾车可能性的直接和间接影响，包括它们对成本认知的影响。对美国西南部1013名被监禁的重罪男女罪犯进行了调查。使用多元路径模型并控制许多其他个体因素后发现，当前的恐惧与成本认知增加有关，而愤怒与成本降低有关。愤怒也对酒后驾车有直接影响，而恐惧则没有。尽管恐惧和愤怒都具有负面效价，但它们对成本认知和犯罪决策的影响似乎不同。更好地理解这些过程可能会带来改进的犯罪预防方法。
