Shih Daniel Tzu-Bi, Burnouf Thierry
Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Pediatrics Department, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
N Biotechnol. 2015 Jan 25;32(1):199-211. doi: 10.1016/j.nbt.2014.06.001. Epub 2014 Jun 11.
Most clinical applications of human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for cell therapy, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and treatment of immune and inflammatory diseases require a phase of isolation and ex vivo expansion allowing a clinically meaningful cell number to be reached. Conditions used for cell isolation and expansion should meet strict quality and safety requirements. This is particularly true for the growth medium used for MSC isolation and expansion. Basal growth media used for MSC expansion are supplemented with multiple nutrients and growth factors. Fetal bovine serum (FBS) has long been the gold standard medium supplement for laboratory-scale MSC culture. However, FBS has a poorly characterized composition and poses risk factors, as it may be a source of xenogenic antigens and zoonotic infections. FBS has therefore become undesirable as a growth medium supplement for isolating and expanding MSCs for human therapy protocols. In recent years, human blood materials, and most particularly lysates and releasates of platelet concentrates have emerged as efficient medium supplements for isolating and expanding MSCs from various origins. This review analyzes the advantages and limits of using human platelet materials as medium supplements for MSC isolation and expansion. We present the modes of production of allogeneic and autologous platelet concentrates, measures taken to ensure optimal pathogen safety profiles, and methods of preparing PLs for MSC expansion. We also discuss the supply of such blood preparations. Produced under optimal conditions of standardization and safety, human platelet materials can become the future 'gold standard' supplement for ex vivo production of MSCs for translational medicine and cell therapy applications.
人类多能间充质基质细胞（MSC）在细胞治疗、组织工程、再生医学以及免疫和炎症性疾病治疗中的大多数临床应用都需要一个分离和体外扩增阶段，以达到具有临床意义的细胞数量。用于细胞分离和扩增的条件应满足严格的质量和安全要求。对于用于MSC分离和扩增的生长培养基来说尤其如此。用于MSC扩增的基础生长培养基会添加多种营养物质和生长因子。长期以来，胎牛血清（FBS）一直是实验室规模MSC培养的金标准培养基补充剂。然而，FBS的成分特征不明确，并且存在风险因素，因为它可能是异种抗原和人畜共患感染的来源。因此，FBS作为用于人类治疗方案的MSC分离和扩增的生长培养基补充剂已变得不受欢迎。近年来，人类血液材料，尤其是血小板浓缩物的裂解物和释放物已成为从各种来源分离和扩增MSC的有效培养基补充剂。本综述分析了使用人类血小板材料作为MSC分离和扩增的培养基补充剂的优点和局限性。我们介绍了同种异体和自体血小板浓缩物的生产方式、为确保最佳病原体安全概况而采取的措施，以及为MSC扩增制备PL的方法。我们还讨论了此类血液制品的供应。在标准化和安全的最佳条件下生产的人类血小板材料可以成为未来用于转化医学和细胞治疗应用的MSC体外生产的“金标准”补充剂。
