Bradshaw Clare, Kapustka Lawrence, Barnthouse Lawrence, Brown Justin, Ciffroy Philippe, Forbes Valery, Geras'kin Stanislav, Kautsky Ulrik, Bréchignac François
Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
LK Consultancy, P.O. Box 373, Turner Valley, Alberta T0L 2A0, Canada.
J Environ Radioact. 2014 Oct;136:98-104. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.05.017. Epub 2014 Jun 13.
Radiation protection goals for ecological resources are focussed on ecological structures and functions at population-, community-, and ecosystem-levels. The current approach to radiation safety for non-human biota relies on organism-level endpoints, and as such is not aligned with the stated overarching protection goals of international agencies. Exposure to stressors can trigger non-linear changes in ecosystem structure and function that cannot be predicted from effects on individual organisms. From the ecological sciences, we know that important interactive dynamics related to such emergent properties determine the flows of goods and services in ecological systems that human societies rely upon. A previous Task Group of the IUR (International Union of Radioecology) has presented the rationale for adding an Ecosystem Approach to the suite of tools available to manage radiation safety. In this paper, we summarize the arguments for an Ecosystem Approach and identify next steps and challenges ahead pertaining to developing and implementing a practical Ecosystem Approach to complement organism-level endpoints currently used in radiation safety.
生态资源的辐射防护目标聚焦于种群、群落和生态系统层面的生态结构与功能。当前针对非人类生物群的辐射安全方法依赖于生物体层面的终点指标，因此与国际机构既定的总体保护目标不一致。暴露于应激源可引发生态系统结构和功能的非线性变化，而这些变化无法根据对个体生物的影响来预测。从生态科学中我们了解到，与这些涌现特性相关的重要交互动态决定了人类社会所依赖的生态系统中货物和服务的流动。国际放射生态学联盟（IUR）的一个先前任务组已阐述了将生态系统方法添加到用于管理辐射安全的工具套件中的基本原理。在本文中，我们总结了支持生态系统方法的论据，并确定了在开发和实施实用的生态系统方法以补充当前辐射安全中使用的生物体层面终点指标方面的后续步骤和挑战。
