Carolus Almut M, Schubring David, Popov Tzvetan G, Popova Petia, Miller Gregory A, Rockstroh Brigitte S
Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Germany.
Department of Psychology and Psychiatry, UCLA, USA; Department of Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA, USA.
Schizophr Res. 2014 Aug;157(1-3):40-7. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2014.05.012. Epub 2014 Jun 2.
Evoked and induced event-related neural oscillations have recently been proposed as a key mechanism supporting higher-order cognition. Cognitive decay and abnormal electromagnetic sensory gating reliably distinguish schizophrenia (SZ) patients and healthy individuals, demonstrated in chronic (CHR) and first-admission (FA) patients. Not yet determined is whether altered event-related modulation of oscillatory activity is manifested at early stages of SZ, thus reflects and perhaps embodies the development of psychopathology, and provides a mechanism for the gating deficit. The present study compared behavioral and functional brain measures in CHR and FA samples. Cognitive test performance (MATRICS Consortium Cognitive Battery, MCCB), neuromagnetic event-related fields (M50 gating ratio), and oscillatory dynamics (evoked and induced modulation of 8-12Hz alpha) during a paired-click task were assessed in 35 CHR and 31 FA patients meeting the criteria for ICD-10 diagnoses of schizophrenia as well as 28 healthy comparison subjects (HC). Both patient groups displayed poorer cognitive performance, higher M50 ratio (poorer sensory gating), and less induced modulation of alpha activity than did HC. Induced alpha power decrease in bilateral posterior regions varied with M50 ratio in HC but not SZ, whereas orbitofrontal alpha power decrease was related to M50 ratio in SZ but not HC. Results suggest disruption of oscillatory dynamics at early stages of illness, which may contribute to deficient information sampling, memory updating, and higher cognitive functioning.
诱发和诱导的事件相关神经振荡最近被认为是支持高阶认知的关键机制。认知衰退和异常的电磁感觉门控能够可靠地区分精神分裂症（SZ）患者和健康个体，这在慢性（CHR）和首次入院（FA）患者中得到了证实。尚未确定的是，振荡活动的事件相关调制改变是否在SZ的早期阶段就已表现出来，从而反映并可能体现精神病理学的发展，并为门控缺陷提供一种机制。本研究比较了CHR和FA样本中的行为和功能性脑指标。在35名符合ICD - 10精神分裂症诊断标准的CHR患者、31名FA患者以及28名健康对照受试者（HC）中，评估了配对点击任务期间的认知测试表现（MATRICS联盟认知电池，MCCB）、神经磁事件相关场（M50门控比率）和振荡动力学（8 - 12Hz阿尔法的诱发和诱导调制）。与HC相比，两个患者组均表现出较差的认知表现、较高的M50比率（较差的感觉门控）以及较少的阿尔法活动诱导调制。双侧后部区域的诱导阿尔法功率降低在HC中随M50比率变化，而在SZ中则不然，而眶额阿尔法功率降低在SZ中与M50比率相关，在HC中则不然。结果表明疾病早期阶段振荡动力学受到破坏，这可能导致信息采样不足、记忆更新和更高认知功能受损。
