Bresin Konrad, Finy M Sima, Sprague Jenessa, Verona Edelyn
Department of Psychology.
J Abnorm Psychol. 2014 Aug;123(3):634-49. doi: 10.1037/a0037229. Epub 2014 Jun 16.
Studies on the relation between psychopathy and cognitive functioning often show mixed results, partially because different factors of psychopathy have not been considered fully. Based on previous research, we predicted divergent results based on a 2-factor model of psychopathy (interpersonal-affective traits and impulsive-antisocial traits). Specifically, we predicted that the unique variance of interpersonal-affective traits would be related to increased monitoring (i.e., error-related negativity) and adjusting to errors (i.e., posterror slowing), whereas impulsive-antisocial traits would be related to reductions in these processes. Three studies using a diverse selection of assessment tools, samples, and methods are presented to identify response monitoring correlates of the 2 main factors of psychopathy. In Studies 1 (undergraduates), 2 (adolescents), and 3 (offenders), interpersonal-affective traits were related to increased adjustment following errors and, in Study 3, to enhanced monitoring of errors. Impulsive-antisocial traits were not consistently related to error adjustment across the studies, although these traits were related to a deficient monitoring of errors in Study 3. The results may help explain previous mixed findings and advance implications for etiological models of psychopathy.
关于精神病态与认知功能之间关系的研究结果往往参差不齐，部分原因在于尚未充分考虑精神病态的不同因素。基于先前的研究，我们根据精神病态的双因素模型（人际情感特质和冲动反社会特质）预测了不同的结果。具体而言，我们预测人际情感特质的独特差异将与增强的监测（即错误相关负波）和对错误的调整（即错误后减缓）有关，而冲动反社会特质则与这些过程的减少有关。本文呈现了三项研究，采用了多种评估工具、样本和方法，以确定精神病态两个主要因素与反应监测的相关性。在研究1（大学生）、研究2（青少年）和研究3（罪犯）中，人际情感特质与错误后的增强调整有关，在研究3中还与对错误的增强监测有关。尽管在研究3中冲动反社会特质与错误监测不足有关，但在各项研究中，冲动反社会特质与错误调整之间的关系并不一致。这些结果可能有助于解释先前参差不齐的研究发现，并推进对精神病态病因模型的理解。
