Taylor Lee, Hodge Andrew
Zoetis, Level 6, 5 Rider Boulevard, Rhodes, NSW 2138, Australia.
Zoetis VMRD, 45 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
Vet Parasitol. 2014 Aug 29;204(3-4):269-78. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.04.029. Epub 2014 May 10.
Results from worm egg counts (WECs) of cattle from across Australia over an 11 year period have been analysed to provide contemporary data on WEC and worm genus distribution in Australian cattle. A sampling kit consisted of ten sample containers. Faecal samples were collected into each sampling kit from groups of cattle and WEC and larval cultures were conducted using standard procedures. A submission form was completed for each kit with data requested including date of sampling, property address, age, average estimated weight and production type of cattle, last drench used and date of drenching. Regional analysis was done by postcode region and postcode regions were grouped into bioclimatic regions. A total of 5069 submissions were received from 2002 to the end of 2012 representing over 50,000 individual faecal samples. Seventy-seven percent of cattle sampled were no more than 2 years of age with the remainder representing a range of age groups. Samples were collected from all of the significant cattle producing regions of Australia. There was a tendency for higher geometric mean WEC in cattle in northern Australia and in high rainfall areas along the east coast of Australia. Geometric mean WEC for bioclimatic regions varied seasonally with a peak in autumn in regions with summer dominant rainfall, but little seasonal variation in regions with winter dominant rainfall patterns. Worm genera cultured varied throughout Australia with Cooperia spp. being most prevalent across the country, followed by Haemonchus spp. and Oesophagostomum spp. in summer rainfall dominant regions and Ostertagia spp. and Trichostrongylus spp. in winter rainfall regions. In the coastal, tablelands, and temperate rangelands regions of NSW, Haemonchus spp. were as prevalent as Cooperia spp. during autumn months and levels of Haemonchus spp. found in south-western Western Australia were higher than previously documented. These data provide an up-to-date summary of internal parasites in Australian cattle. Regional differences in WEC between northern and southern Australia are evident and should be further explored. These data suggest that there has been a move to Cooperia spp. being the predominant worm genus in Australian cattle, with increasing levels of Haemonchus spp. being evident in southern temperate regions of Australia.
对澳大利亚各地牛群在11年期间的蠕虫卵计数（WEC）结果进行了分析，以提供有关澳大利亚牛群WEC和蠕虫属分布的当代数据。一个采样套件由十个样本容器组成。从牛群中采集粪便样本放入每个采样套件中，并使用标准程序进行WEC和幼虫培养。为每个套件填写一份提交表格，所需数据包括采样日期、牧场地址、牛的年龄、平均估计体重和生产类型、上次驱虫用药及驱虫日期。按邮政编码区域进行区域分析，邮政编码区域被分组为生物气候区域。从2002年到2012年底共收到5069份提交样本，代表超过50000份个体粪便样本。采样的牛中有77%年龄不超过2岁，其余代表一系列年龄组。样本采集自澳大利亚所有重要的养牛地区。澳大利亚北部和澳大利亚东海岸高降雨地区的牛群中，几何平均WEC有较高的趋势。生物气候区域的几何平均WEC随季节变化，在夏季降雨占主导的地区秋季达到峰值，但在冬季降雨模式占主导的地区季节性变化较小。在澳大利亚各地培养出的蠕虫属各不相同；库珀属在全国最为普遍，其次是夏季降雨占主导地区的血矛线虫属和结节虫属，以及冬季降雨地区的奥斯特他线虫属和毛圆线虫属。在新南威尔士州的沿海、高原和温带牧场地区，秋季月份血矛线虫属与库珀属一样普遍，在西澳大利亚西南部发现的血矛线虫属水平高于先前记录。这些数据提供了澳大利亚牛体内寄生虫的最新概况。澳大利亚北部和南部之间WEC的区域差异很明显，应进一步探讨。这些数据表明，澳大利亚牛群中蠕虫属已逐渐以库珀属为主，而在澳大利亚南部温带地区血矛线虫属的水平明显增加。
