Smith M A, Hoffman L M, Beckerle M C
Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
Trends Cell Biol. 2014 Oct;24(10):575-83. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2014.04.009. Epub 2014 Jun 2.
The actin cytoskeleton assembles into branched networks or bundles to generate mechanical force for critical cellular processes such as establishment of polarity, adhesion, and migration. Stress fibers (SFs) are contractile actomyosin structures that physically couple to the extracellular matrix through integrin-based focal adhesions (FAs), thereby transmitting force into and across the cell. Recently, LIN-11, Isl1, and MEC-3 (LIM) domain proteins have been implicated in mediating this cytoskeletal mechanotransduction. Among the more well-studied LIM domain adapter proteins is zyxin, a dynamic component of both FAs and SFs. Here we discuss recent research detailing the mechanisms by which SFs adjust their structure and composition to balance mechanical forces and suggest ways that zyxin and other LIM domain proteins mediate mechanoresponse.
肌动蛋白细胞骨架组装成分支网络或束状结构，为关键的细胞过程产生机械力，如极性建立、黏附及迁移。应力纤维（SFs）是收缩性的肌动球蛋白结构，通过基于整合素的黏着斑（FAs）与细胞外基质物理连接，从而将力传递到细胞内并穿过细胞。最近，LIN-11、Isl1和MEC-3（LIM）结构域蛋白被认为参与介导这种细胞骨架的机械转导。在研究较多的LIM结构域衔接蛋白中，桩蛋白是FAs和SFs的动态组成部分。在此，我们讨论了近期的研究，详细阐述了SFs调整其结构和组成以平衡机械力的机制，并提出了桩蛋白和其他LIM结构域蛋白介导机械反应的方式。
