Int J Phytoremediation. 2014;16(7-12):735-54. doi: 10.1080/15226514.2013.856846.
Phytoextraction with somaclonal variants of tobacco and sunflower mutant lines (non-GMs) with enhanced metal uptake and tolerance can be a sustainable alternative to conventional destructive decontamination methods, especially for stripping bioavailable zinc excess in topsoil. The overall results of a 5-year time series experiment at field scale in north-eastern Switzerland confirm that the labile Zn pool in soil can be lowered by 45-70%, whereas subplots without phytoextraction treatment maintained labile Zn concentrations. In 2011, the phytoextraction experiment site was enlarged by a factor of 3, and the labile 0.1 M NaNO3 extractable Zn concentration in the soil was reduced up to 58% one period after harvest. A Mass Balance Analysis confirmed soil Zn decontamination in line with plant Zn uptake. The plants partially take Zn from the non-labile pool of the totaL The sustainability of Zn phytoextraction in subplots that no longer exceed the Swiss trigger value is now assessed over time. In contrary to the phytoextraction of total soil Zn which needs a long cleaning up time, the bioavailable Zn stripping is feasible within a few years period.
利用具有增强金属吸收和耐受能力的烟草和向日葵突变体系（非转基因）的体细胞变异体进行植物提取，可以替代传统的破坏性净化方法，特别是用于去除表土中生物可利用的锌过剩。在瑞士东北部进行的为期 5 年的田间规模时间序列实验的总体结果证实，土壤中可利用的锌库可降低 45-70%，而没有进行植物提取处理的试验区保持了可利用的锌浓度。2011 年，植物提取实验区扩大了 3 倍，收获后一个时期，土壤中 0.1 M NaNO3 可提取的锌浓度降低了 58%。质量平衡分析证实，土壤中的锌得到了净化，与植物吸收的锌一致。植物部分从总锌的非活性库中吸收锌。目前正在随着时间的推移评估不再超过瑞士触发值的试验区中锌的植物提取的可持续性。与需要很长的清理时间才能提取土壤中总锌不同，在几年内就可以实现生物可利用锌的去除。
