Research Center on Aging, Department of Medicine, Graduate Program in Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
Research Center on Aging, Department of Medicine, Graduate Program in Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2014 Aug;29:105-11. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2014.05.007. Epub 2014 Jun 14.
Causes for immunosenescence and inflamm-aging have to be established. Efficient function of the immune system requires homeostatic regulation from receptor recognition of antigenic challenge to cell responses and adaptation to its changing environment. It is reasonable to assume that one of the most important molecular causes of immunosenescence is alteration in the regulation of signaling pathways. Indeed, alterations in feed-forward and negative feedback (inhibitory) signaling have been highlighted in all cells involved in the immune response including short-lived (neutrophils) and long-lived (T lymphocytes) cells. These dysregulations tip the balance in favor of altered (less efficient) function of the immune system. In this review, we summarize our knowledge on signal transduction changes in the aging immune system and propose a unifying mechanism as one of the causes of immunosenescence. Modulation of these pathways with aging represents a major challenge to restore the immune response to functional levels.
必须确定免疫衰老和炎症衰老的原因。免疫系统的有效功能需要从对抗原挑战的受体识别到细胞反应以及适应其不断变化的环境进行同源调节。可以合理假设，免疫衰老最重要的分子原因之一是信号通路调节的改变。事实上，在参与免疫反应的所有细胞中，包括寿命短（中性粒细胞）和寿命长（T 淋巴细胞）的细胞中，正向和负反馈（抑制）信号的改变都得到了强调。这些失调使免疫系统的功能改变（效率降低）更有利。在这篇综述中，我们总结了我们对衰老免疫系统中信号转导变化的认识，并提出了一个统一的机制作为免疫衰老的原因之一。随着年龄的增长，这些途径的调节代表了恢复免疫反应至功能水平的主要挑战。
