Wang Ligong, Regatte Ravinder R
Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
J Magn Reson Imaging. 2015 Mar;41(3):586-600. doi: 10.1002/jmri.24677. Epub 2014 Jun 17.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers the direct visualization of the human musculoskeletal (MSK) system, especially all diarthrodial tissues including cartilage, bone, menisci, ligaments, tendon, hip, synovium, etc. Conventional MRI techniques based on T1 - and T2 -weighted, proton density (PD) contrast are inconclusive in quantifying early biochemically degenerative changes in MSK system in general and articular cartilage in particular. In recent years, quantitative MR parameter mapping techniques have been used to quantify the biochemical changes in articular cartilage, with a special emphasis on evaluating joint injury, cartilage degeneration, and soft tissue repair. In this article we focus on cartilage biochemical composition, basic principles of T1ρ MRI, implementation of T1ρ pulse sequences, biochemical validation, and summarize the potential applications of the T1ρ MRI technique in MSK diseases including osteoarthritis (OA), anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, and knee joint repair. Finally, we also review the potential advantages, challenges, and future prospects of T1ρ MRI for widespread clinical translation.
磁共振成像（MRI）能够直接观察人体肌肉骨骼（MSK）系统，尤其是所有动关节组织，包括软骨、骨骼、半月板、韧带、肌腱、髋关节、滑膜等。基于T1加权、T2加权和质子密度（PD）对比的传统MRI技术，通常无法确定MSK系统尤其是关节软骨早期生化退变的情况。近年来，定量磁共振参数成像技术已被用于量化关节软骨的生化变化，特别着重于评估关节损伤、软骨退变和软组织修复。在本文中，我们聚焦于软骨生化组成、T1ρ MRI的基本原理、T1ρ脉冲序列的实施、生化验证，并总结T1ρ MRI技术在MSK疾病中的潜在应用，这些疾病包括骨关节炎（OA）、前交叉韧带（ACL）损伤和膝关节修复。最后，我们还回顾了T1ρ MRI在广泛临床应用中的潜在优势、挑战和未来前景。
