Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University , Atlanta, Georgia .
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2014 Jul;28(7):350-7. doi: 10.1089/apc.2013.0358. Epub 2014 Jun 17.
HIV-infected individuals are 28 times more likely than the general population to be diagnosed with anal cancer. An integrative review of recommendations and guidelines for anal cancer screening was performed to provide a succinct guide to inform healthcare clinicians. The review excluded studies that were of non-HIV populations, redundant articles or publications, non-English manuscripts, or nonclinical trials. The review found no formal national or international guidelines exist for routine screening of anal cancer for HIV-infected individuals. To date, no randomized control trial provides strong evidence supporting efficaciousness and effectiveness of an anal cancer screening program. The screening recommendations from seven international-, national-, and state-based reports were reviewed and synthesized in this review. These guidelines suggest anal cancer screening, albeit unproven, may be beneficial at decreasing the incidence of anal cancer. This review highlights the paucity of screening-related research and is an area of need to provide clear direction and to define standard of care for anal cancer screening in HIV-infected persons.
HIV 感染者患肛门癌的可能性是普通人群的 28 倍。对肛门癌筛查的建议和指南进行了综合审查，为医疗保健临床医生提供了简明的指导。本综述排除了非 HIV 人群、重复文章或出版物、非英文手稿或非临床试验的研究。研究发现，目前没有针对 HIV 感染者进行常规肛门癌筛查的正式国家或国际指南。迄今为止，没有随机对照试验提供强有力的证据支持肛门癌筛查计划的有效性和效果。本综述回顾并综合了来自七个国际、国家和州的报告中的筛查建议。这些指南表明，尽管未经证实，肛门癌筛查可能有助于降低肛门癌的发病率。本综述强调了筛查相关研究的缺乏，这是一个需要提供明确指导并为 HIV 感染者的肛门癌筛查确定护理标准的领域。
