Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Temple University College of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA.
University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK.
J Low Genit Tract Dis. 2021 Jan 1;25(1):48-52. doi: 10.1097/LGT.0000000000000571.
The purpose of this study was to assess knowledge of human papillomavirus (HPV) as a cause of anal cancer among at-risk gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBM).
Secondary analysis was conducted of cross-sectional data from 3 cycles of the Health Information National Trends Survey (2017, 2018, 2019). Results were reported for the subset of adults who identified as GBM (N = 212). Knowledge that HPV can cause anal cancer was the main outcome. Differences in knowledge were evaluated (using χ2 and multiple logistic regression) by demographic, health information factors, and access to care.
Sixty-eight percent of GBM were aware of HPV. Knowledge that HPV causes anal cancer was low (<20%) in the overall sample and sample of GBM (17.9%; 95% CI = 11.0-24.7). Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men were no more knowledgeable that HPV causes anal cancer than heterosexual men (14.8%; 95% CI = 12.9-16.9; p = .376). College-educated GBM had higher odds (adjusted odds ratio = 3.50; 95% CI = 1.02-11.97) of knowing HPV causes anal cancer than GBM with no college degree. No other factors were associated with knowledge.
Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men are largely unaware that HPV can cause anal cancer, despite high awareness of HPV itself. This is concerning given that GBM are at increased risk of HPV-associated anal cancer than the general population. Our findings suggest that information about anal cancer and health information about the benefits of HPV vaccination for anal cancer prevention are only reaching a small subset of college-educated GBM. Targeted anal cancer education programs are needed.
本研究旨在评估高危男同性恋、双性恋和其他与男性发生性关系者（GBM）对人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）是导致肛门癌病因的了解程度。
对健康信息全国趋势调查（2017、2018 和 2019 年）三个周期的横断面数据进行二次分析。报告结果仅限于自认为是 GBM 的成年人亚组（N=212）。主要结局为知晓 HPV 可导致肛门癌的知识。通过人口统计学、健康信息因素和获得医疗服务的情况，对知识差异（采用 χ2 和多因素逻辑回归）进行评估。
68%的 GBM 知晓 HPV。总体样本和 GBM 样本中（17.9%；95%CI=11.0-24.7），知晓 HPV 可导致肛门癌的比例较低。男同性恋、双性恋和其他与男性发生性关系者与异性恋男性相比，对 HPV 可导致肛门癌的认识并无明显差异（14.8%；95%CI=12.9-16.9；p=0.376）。与未受过大学教育的 GBM 相比，受大学教育的 GBM 更有可能了解 HPV 会导致肛门癌（调整后的优势比=3.50；95%CI=1.02-11.97）。其他因素与知识无关。
尽管 GBM 对 HPV 本身有较高的认识，但他们对 HPV 可导致肛门癌的认识却知之甚少。鉴于 GBM 感染 HPV 相关肛门癌的风险高于一般人群，这令人担忧。我们的研究结果表明，关于肛门癌的信息以及 HPV 疫苗接种可预防肛门癌的健康信息仅能到达一小部分受大学教育的 GBM。需要有针对性的肛门癌教育计划。
