Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, College of Public Health, Temple University, 1301 Cecil B. Moore Ave., Ritter Hall Annex 9th Floor, Room 955, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.
J Cancer Educ. 2023 Dec;38(6):1925-1931. doi: 10.1007/s13187-023-02362-0. Epub 2023 Aug 31.
Lack of anal cancer information in priority populations is a major barrier to the uptake and utilization of prevention services. A validated measure of anal cancer knowledge is needed to inform patient education and shared clinical decision-making for anal cancer prevention. The purpose of this study was to validate the Patient Anal Cancer Knowledge Scale (PACKS) in a sample of GBM, namely Black and Hispanic gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBM) and gender expansive young adults (aged 18-30 years) living in the USA (N=188). Anal cancer knowledge was hypothesized as a 3-factor scale representing (1) risk and primary prevention (9 items), (2) symptoms (5 items), and (3) screening (3 items). Confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency, and criterion validity were assessed. The 3-factor model demonstrated adequate fit (RMSEA=0.02; CFI=0.99). All items loaded on their respective factors (p<0.01). Scale scores indicated low to moderate anal cancer knowledge and acceptable reliability: factor 1 (M=3.5; SD=2.3; range: 0-9; α=.71), factor 2 (M=2.9; SD=1.9; range: 0-5; α=.85), and factor 3 (M=2.0; SD=1.2; range: 0-3; α=.79). History of HPV vaccination (51.3%) was positively correlated with factors 1 and 2. The PACKS demonstrated good construct validity related to knowledge of anal cancer risk, prevention, symptoms, and screening. Limited anal cancer knowledge among Black and Hispanic GBM is a potential barrier to the uptake and utilization of prevention recommendations.
在优先人群中缺乏肛门癌信息是阻碍预防服务的采用和利用的主要障碍。需要一种经过验证的肛门癌知识衡量标准，以便为肛门癌预防提供患者教育和共同的临床决策依据。本研究的目的是在美国的一组 GBM（即黑人和西班牙裔男同性恋、双性恋和其他与男性发生性关系的男性以及性别扩展的年轻成年人（年龄在 18-30 岁之间））中验证患者肛门癌知识量表（PACKS）（N=188）。假设肛门癌知识是一个 3 因素量表，代表（1）风险和初级预防（9 项），（2）症状（5 项）和（3）筛查（3 项）。评估了验证性因素分析、内部一致性和标准效度。3 因素模型表现出良好的拟合度（RMSEA=0.02；CFI=0.99）。所有项目都加载在各自的因素上（p<0.01）。量表得分表明肛门癌知识水平较低，但可靠性可接受：因素 1（M=3.5；SD=2.3；范围：0-9；α=.71），因素 2（M=2.9；SD=1.9；范围：0-5；α=.85）和因素 3（M=2.0；SD=1.2；范围：0-3；α=.79）。HPV 疫苗接种史（51.3%）与因素 1 和 2 呈正相关。PACKS 与肛门癌风险、预防、症状和筛查知识的良好结构效度相关。黑人和西班牙裔 GBM 的肛门癌知识有限是阻碍预防建议采用和利用的潜在障碍。
