Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna and Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR - Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy.
Clin Chim Acta. 2015 Mar 30;443:17-24. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.06.003. Epub 2014 Jun 14.
Diagnosis of heart failure (HF) is not based on a single test, but on a combination of history, physical examination and appropriate investigations. For these reasons, the accuracy of diagnosis by clinical means alone is often inadequate, especially in the early, asymptomatic stages of the HF. Thus, there is an increasing interest in the development of new cardiovascular biomarkers and, consequently, a great number of laboratory tests have recently been proposed for their assay. The aim of this article is to provide a general overview on the biomarkers, recommended by international guidelines, for the diagnosis, risk stratification, and follow-up of patients with HF. Cardiac natriuretic peptides and in particular the B-type related peptides, which are considered to be the first line biomarker for HF by international guidelines, will be discussed with special emphasis.
心力衰竭（HF）的诊断并非基于单一检测，而是基于病史、体格检查和适当的检查综合判断。出于这些原因，单凭临床手段诊断的准确性往往不够，尤其是在 HF 的早期、无症状阶段。因此，人们越来越关注新的心血管生物标志物的开发，因此，最近提出了许多用于检测它们的实验室检测。本文的目的是提供一份关于生物标志物的概述，这些标志物是国际指南推荐用于 HF 的诊断、危险分层和患者随访的。心脏利钠肽，特别是 B 型相关肽，被国际指南认为是 HF 的一线生物标志物，将重点讨论。
