Stewart Robert C, Umar Eric, Tomenson Barbara, Creed Francis
Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK.
BMC Psychiatry. 2014 Jun 17;14:180. doi: 10.1186/1471-244X-14-180.
Lack of social support is an important risk factor for antenatal depression and anxiety in low- and middle-income countries. We translated, adapted and validated the Multi-dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) in order to study the relationship between perceived social support, intimate partner violence and antenatal depression in Malawi.
The MSPSS was translated and adapted into Chichewa and Chiyao. Five hundred and eighty-three women attending an antenatal clinic were administered the MSPSS, depression screening measures, and a risk factor questionnaire including questions about intimate partner violence. A sub-sample of participants (n = 196) were interviewed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV to diagnose major depressive episode. Validity of the MSPSS was evaluated by assessment of internal consistency, factor structure, and correlation with Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) score and major depressive episode. We investigated associations between perception of support from different sources (significant other, family, and friends) and major depressive episode, and whether intimate partner violence was a moderator of these associations.
In both Chichewa and Chiyao, the MSPSS had high internal consistency for the full scale and significant other, family, and friends subscales. MSPSS full scale and subscale scores were inversely associated with SRQ score and major depression diagnosis. Using principal components analysis, the MSPSS had the expected 3-factor structure in analysis of the whole sample. On confirmatory factor analysis, goodness-of-fit indices were better for a 3-factor model than for a 2-factor model, and met standard criteria when correlation between items was allowed. Lack of support from a significant other was the only MSPSS subscale that showed a significant association with depression on multivariate analysis, and this association was moderated by experience of intimate partner violence.
The MSPSS is a valid measure of perceived social support in Malawi. Lack of support by a significant other is associated with depression in pregnant women who have experienced intimate partner violence in this setting.
在低收入和中等收入国家，缺乏社会支持是产前抑郁和焦虑的一个重要风险因素。我们对多维感知社会支持量表（MSPSS）进行了翻译、改编和验证，以研究马拉维感知社会支持、亲密伴侣暴力与产前抑郁之间的关系。
将MSPSS翻译成奇切瓦语和奇 Yao 语。对 583 名到产前诊所就诊的妇女进行了 MSPSS、抑郁筛查措施以及包括关于亲密伴侣暴力问题的风险因素问卷的施测。使用针对 DSM-IV 的结构化临床访谈对参与者的一个子样本（n = 196）进行访谈，以诊断重度抑郁发作。通过评估内部一致性、因子结构以及与自评问卷（SRQ）得分和重度抑郁发作的相关性来评估 MSPSS 的效度。我们调查了来自不同来源（重要他人、家人和朋友）的支持感知与重度抑郁发作之间的关联，以及亲密伴侣暴力是否是这些关联的调节因素。
在奇切瓦语和奇 Yao 语中，MSPSS 在全量表以及重要他人、家人和朋友子量表上都具有较高的内部一致性。MSPSS 全量表和子量表得分与 SRQ 得分及重度抑郁诊断呈负相关。使用主成分分析，MSPSS 在对整个样本的分析中具有预期的三因素结构。在验证性因子分析中，三因素模型的拟合优度指标优于二因素模型，并且在允许项目间相关时符合标准标准。在多变量分析中，来自重要他人的支持缺乏是 MSPSS 唯一与抑郁有显著关联的子量表，并且这种关联受到亲密伴侣暴力经历的调节。
MSPSS 是马拉维感知社会支持的有效测量工具。在这种情况下，重要他人的支持缺乏与经历过亲密伴侣暴力的孕妇的抑郁有关。
