Mignogna M D, Celentano A, Leuci S, Cascone M, Adamo D, Ruoppo E, Favia G
Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy.
Oral Dis. 2015 Jan;21(1):e70-8. doi: 10.1111/odi.12268. Epub 2014 Jul 12.
To analyze retrospectively a case series of primary oral leishmaniasis and to review the literature on head-neck primary mucosal leishmaniasis (ML) in immunocompetent patients.
A PUBMED search was carried out from 1950 to 2013. Clinical records of patients with primary head-neck mucosal manifestations of leishmaniasis were analyzed. In addition, clinical records between 2001 and 2012 of patients with primary oral manifestations were collected in two independent hospitals.
Our multicenter case series revealed seven patients with oral leishmaniasis. The most commonly affected site was the tongue (four patients, 57%), and the most common clinical presentation was an exophytic lesion (six patients, 85%). The literature review showed 11 reports published between 2005 and 2013, describing 13 patients (100% male) affected by head-neck primary ML (54% laryngeal, 31% oral, 23% pharyngeal, and 15% endonasal). The most common clinical presentation was an exophytic lesion (69%).
The literature analysis revealed that in immunocompetent patients, the oral mucosa is the second most frequently affected site of the head and neck region. In the oral cavity, the tongue is the most affected site. Diagnosis of oral leishmaniasis represents a challenge but must be considered in any differential diagnosis of exophytic lesions of oral mucosa.
回顾性分析原发性口腔利什曼病的病例系列，并复习免疫功能正常患者头颈部原发性黏膜利什曼病（ML）的相关文献。
对1950年至2013年进行了PubMed检索。分析了利什曼病头颈部原发性黏膜表现患者的临床记录。此外，还收集了两家独立医院2001年至2012年原发性口腔表现患者的临床记录。
我们的多中心病例系列显示有7例口腔利什曼病患者。最常受累部位是舌头（4例，57%），最常见的临床表现是外生性病变（6例，85%）。文献综述显示，2005年至2013年发表了11篇报告，描述了13例头颈部原发性ML患者（100%为男性）（喉部54%、口腔31%、咽部23%、鼻内15%）。最常见的临床表现是外生性病变（69%）。
文献分析显示，在免疫功能正常的患者中，口腔黏膜是头颈部第二常见的受累部位。在口腔内，舌头是最常受累的部位。口腔利什曼病的诊断具有挑战性，但在口腔黏膜外生性病变的任何鉴别诊断中都必须考虑到。
