Miyabe Yoshishige, Miyabe Chie, Nanki Toshihiro
Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA.
Rheumatol Int. 2015 Jan;35(1):35-41. doi: 10.1007/s00296-014-3067-2. Epub 2014 Jun 18.
Retinoid, a derivative of vitamin A, is a general term used to describe compounds that bind to and activate retinoic acid receptors [RARs (RARα, RARβ, and RARγ)] and/or retinoid X receptors [RXRs (RXRα, RXRβ, and RXRγ)]. They have been shown to surpress the differentiation of Th1/Th17 cells and induce the development of Th1/regulatory T cells. They also affect the proliferation of B cells as both an inducer and suppressor. Furthermore, retinoids may induce the maturation of dendritic cells and production of interleukin-10 from monocytes/macrophages. We recently demonstrated that retinoids suppressed the production of reactive oxygen species, the release of elastase from neutrophils by inhibiting mitogen-activated protein kinase signals, and both the migration speed and chemotaxis directionality of neutrophils. Retinoids, such as all-trans retinoic acid and tamibarotene, were previously shown to have positive effects on animal models of several rheumatic diseases, including arthritis, myositis, and vasculitis in vivo. Moreover, retinoids have been used in a pilot study to effectively treat patients with lupus nephritis and systemic sclerosis. We herein reviewed the effects of retinoids on immune cells, animal models of rheumatic diseases, and rheumatic patients.
类视黄醇是维生素A的衍生物，是一个通用术语，用于描述与维甲酸受体[RARs（RARα、RARβ和RARγ）]和/或类视黄醇X受体[RXRs（RXRα、RXRβ和RXRγ）]结合并激活它们的化合物。已证明它们可抑制Th1/Th17细胞的分化，并诱导Th1/调节性T细胞的发育。它们作为诱导剂和抑制剂还会影响B细胞的增殖。此外，类视黄醇可能会诱导树突状细胞的成熟以及单核细胞/巨噬细胞产生白细胞介素-10。我们最近证明，类视黄醇可通过抑制丝裂原活化蛋白激酶信号来抑制活性氧的产生、中性粒细胞中弹性蛋白酶的释放，以及中性粒细胞的迁移速度和趋化方向性。全反式维甲酸和他米巴罗汀等类视黄醇先前已证明在包括关节炎、肌炎和血管炎等几种风湿性疾病的动物模型中具有体内积极作用。此外，类视黄醇已用于一项初步研究，以有效治疗狼疮性肾炎和系统性硬化症患者。我们在此综述了类视黄醇对免疫细胞、风湿性疾病动物模型和风湿性疾病患者的影响。
