Liu C, Zhang Y, Benning J L, Little J C
Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Indoor Air. 2015 Jun;25(3):285-96. doi: 10.1111/ina.12139. Epub 2014 Jul 16.
A mechanistic model was developed to examine how natural ventilation influences residential indoor exposure to semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) via inhalation, dermal sorption, and dust ingestion. The effect of ventilation on indoor particle mass concentration and mass transfer at source/sink surfaces, and the enhancing effect of particles on mass transfer at source/sink surfaces are included. When air exchange rate increases from 0.6/h to 1.8/h, the steady-state SVOC (gas-phase plus particle phase with log KOA varying from 9 to 13) concentration in the idealized model decreases by about 60%. In contrast, for the same change in ventilation, the simulated indoor formaldehyde (representing volatile organic compounds) gas-phase concentration decreases by about 70%. The effect of ventilation on exposure via each pathway has a relatively insignificant association with the KOA of the SVOCs: a change of KOA from 10(9) to 10(13) results in a change of only 2-30%. Sensitivity analysis identifies the deposition rate of PM2.5 as a primary factor influencing the relationship between ventilation and exposure for SVOCs with log KOA = 13. The relationship between ventilation rate and air speed near surfaces needs to be further substantiated.
建立了一个机理模型，以研究自然通风如何通过吸入、皮肤吸附和灰尘摄入影响住宅室内对半挥发性有机化合物（SVOCs）的暴露。该模型考虑了通风对室内颗粒物质量浓度和源/汇表面传质的影响，以及颗粒物对源/汇表面传质的增强作用。当空气交换率从0.6/h增加到1.8/h时，理想化模型中稳态SVOC（气相加颗粒相，log KOA在9到13之间）浓度降低约60%。相比之下，对于相同的通风变化，模拟的室内甲醛（代表挥发性有机化合物）气相浓度降低约70%。通风对各暴露途径的影响与SVOCs的KOA相对无关：KOA从10(9) 变为10(13) 仅导致2 - 30% 的变化。敏感性分析确定PM2.5的沉积速率是影响log KOA = 13的SVOCs通风与暴露关系的主要因素。通风速率与表面附近风速之间的关系需要进一步证实。
