埃塞俄比亚一个农村社区饮用水源的细菌学和理化性质
Bacteriological and physico-chemical quality of drinking water sources in a rural community of Ethiopia.
作者信息
Tsega N, Sahile S, Kibret M, Abera B
机构信息
Department of Biology, Bahir Dar University, Science College, P. O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Afr Health Sci. 2013 Dec;13(4):1156-61. doi: 10.4314/ahs.v13i4.42.
BACKGROUND
Accesses to safe water is a universal need however, many of the world's population lack access to adequate and safe water. Consumption of water contaminated causes health risk to the public and the situation is serous in rural areas.
OBJECTIVES
To assess the bacteriological and physico-chemical quality of drinking water sources in a rural community of Ethiopia.
METHODS
Water samples were collected from tap, open springs, open dug wells and protected springs for bacteriological analysis of total coliforms and thermotolerant coliforms. The turbidity, pH and temperature were measured immediately after collection.
RESULTS
Most drinking water sources were found to have coliform counts above the recommended national and international guidelines and had high sanitary risk scores. There was a statistically significant difference among water sources with respect to TC and TTC (p < 0.05) and there was a statistically significant positive correlation between coliform counts and sanitary risk scores (p < 0.01). Most water sources didn't satisfy the turbidity values recommended by WHO.
CONCLUSION
The water sources were heavily contaminated which suggested poor protection and sanitation practice in the water sources. Source protection strategies as well as monitoring are recommend for this community.
背景
获取安全饮用水是一项普遍需求，然而，世界上许多人口无法获得充足且安全的水。饮用受污染的水会给公众带来健康风险，农村地区的情况尤为严重。
目的
评估埃塞俄比亚一个农村社区饮用水源的细菌学和物理化学质量。
方法
从水龙头、露天泉水、露天挖井和受保护的泉水中采集水样，用于总大肠菌群和耐热大肠菌群的细菌学分析。采集后立即测量浊度、pH值和温度。
结果
发现大多数饮用水源的大肠菌群计数高于国家和国际推荐指南，且卫生风险评分较高。不同水源在总大肠菌群（TC）和耐热大肠菌群（TTC）方面存在统计学显著差异（p < 0.05），大肠菌群计数与卫生风险评分之间存在统计学显著正相关（p < 0.01）。大多数水源不符合世界卫生组织推荐的浊度值。
结论
水源受到严重污染，这表明水源保护和卫生措施不力。建议为该社区采取水源保护策略以及监测措施。
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