Ioannou Christos I, Altenmüller Eckart
Institute of Music Physiology and Musicians׳ Medicine, Hanover University of Music, Drama and Media, Emmichplatz 1, 30175 Hanover, Germany.
Institute of Music Physiology and Musicians׳ Medicine, Hanover University of Music, Drama and Media, Emmichplatz 1, 30175 Hanover, Germany.
Neuropsychologia. 2014 Aug;61:80-8. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.05.014. Epub 2014 Jun 16.
Numerous studies suggest that dysfunctional basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical circuits are involved in both movement disorders and psychiatric impairments. The current exploratory investigation explored possible psychological differences, firstly between 24 healthy musicians (HM) and 24 musicians diagnosed with focal dystonia (FDM) (Study I), and secondly among 35 FDM patients only (Study II). Results revealed that FDM patients are six times more likely to exhibit elevated anxiety, perfectionistic and stress characteristics than HM. These psychological conditions might contribute as aggravating risk factors to the development of FDM. However, half of the FDM patients did not demonstrate any signs of anxiety, perfectionism or stress. The findings point to the clear existence of two different psychological profiles among FDM patients. We suggest that this psychological distinction might reflect two different mal-adaptive processes mediated via different circuits of the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamicloops. The new classification of FDM patients will contribute to the reinforcement of the diagnostic repertoire, necessary for the selection of more specific treatment methods.
众多研究表明，功能失调的基底神经节 - 丘脑 - 皮质回路与运动障碍和精神障碍均有关联。当前的探索性研究首先探讨了24名健康音乐家（HM）与24名被诊断为局灶性肌张力障碍（FDM）的音乐家之间可能存在的心理差异（研究I），其次仅在35名FDM患者中进行了研究（研究II）。结果显示，FDM患者出现焦虑、完美主义和压力特征升高的可能性是HM的六倍。这些心理状况可能作为加重风险因素，促使FDM的发展。然而，一半的FDM患者并未表现出任何焦虑、完美主义或压力迹象。研究结果表明FDM患者中明显存在两种不同的心理特征。我们认为这种心理差异可能反映了通过皮质 - 基底神经节 - 丘脑环路的不同回路介导的两种不同的适应不良过程。FDM患者的新分类将有助于加强诊断方法，这对于选择更具体的治疗方法是必要的。
