Es-Sette Nargys, Ajaoud Malika, Bichaud Laurence, Hamdi Salsabil, Mellouki Fouad, Charrel Rémi N, Lemrani Meryem
Laboratoire de parasitologie et de maladies vectorielles, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco.
J Vector Borne Dis. 2014 Jun;51(2):86-90.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: An entomological study using CDC miniature light-traps was performed in El Hanchane locality, where cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) was emerging during the summer of 2011. The aim of this study is to identify the vectors of Leishmania and of phleboviruses.
In the field, a total of 643 sandfly specimens were collected, identified by morphological keys and categorized by sex and species. A total of nine distinct species were morphologically identified where seven belonged to the Phlebotomus genus and two species to the Sergentomyia genus. Phlebotomus sergenti was the most abundant species (76%). Phleboviruses were detected by nested RT-PCR using 30 pooled sandflies while P. sergenti females were tested individually for infections of Leishmania species.
By using ITS1-PCR-RFLP approach, Leishmania tropica DNA was detected in 10 females, caught in this emerging focus, and provide additional evidence in favour of the role of P. sergenti as vector of L. tropica in Morocco. Real-time PCR screening for phlebovirus RNA, using an assay targeting the polymerase gene, showed positive result in one pool of male P. sergenti.
INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: In this study, P. sergenti were infected by L. tropica and Toscana virus. To our knowledge, actually this is the first time that Toscana virus has been detected in P. sergenti.
2011年夏季，在皮肤利什曼病（CL）开始出现的埃尔汉查内地区，使用疾病控制中心（CDC）微型诱虫灯进行了一项昆虫学研究。本研究的目的是确定利什曼原虫和白蛉病毒的传播媒介。
在野外，共收集了643只白蛉标本，通过形态学特征进行鉴定，并按性别和种类进行分类。通过形态学鉴定出9个不同的种类，其中7种属于白蛉属，2种属于司蛉属。塞氏白蛉是最常见的种类（占76%）。使用30只合并的白蛉通过巢式逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测白蛉病毒，同时对塞氏白蛉雌虫个体进行利什曼原虫种类感染检测。
通过内转录间隔区1聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（ITS1-PCR-RFLP）方法，在这个新出现的疫源地捕获的10只雌虫中检测到了热带利什曼原虫DNA，这为塞氏白蛉作为热带利什曼原虫在摩洛哥的传播媒介提供了额外证据。使用针对聚合酶基因的检测方法对白蛉病毒RNA进行实时聚合酶链反应筛查，在一组雄性塞氏白蛉中显示出阳性结果。
在本研究中，塞氏白蛉感染了热带利什曼原虫和托斯卡纳病毒。据我们所知，这是首次在塞氏白蛉中检测到托斯卡纳病毒。
