Van Soom A, Rijsselaere T, Filliers M
Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
Reprod Domest Anim. 2014 Jun;49 Suppl 2:87-91. doi: 10.1111/rda.12303.
During the last decades, in vitro fertilization (IVF) has become a routine technique in most domestic animals. However, in the dog the technique has lagged behind, with to date not a single pup born after IVF. In cats, healthy kittens have been born, but in fewer numbers than in cattle and horses. In pet animals, research in reproduction has mainly been focused on contraception, although recently, the introduction of new drugs especially marketed for cats and dogs will probably expand fertility research in carnivores towards the previously neglected area of assisted reproduction. In particular, the dog remains a real challenge for the reproductive biologist, due to the low meiotic capacity of canine follicular oocytes. In cats, oocyte maturation is less of a problem and embryo production rates comparable to those of cattle can be achieved. The domestic cat is a valuable model for endangered felids and it can even be used as a recipient for wild felid embryos. In this short review, we list some of the problems associated with the implementation of IVF in dogs and cats in relation to their reproductive characteristics, and we discuss the state-of-the-art of IVF in several other domestic species such as cattle, horses and pigs.
在过去几十年里，体外受精（IVF）已成为大多数家畜的常规技术。然而，在犬类中该技术却滞后了，迄今为止尚无通过体外受精出生的幼犬。在猫科动物中，已有健康的小猫出生，但数量比牛和马少。在宠物中，生殖研究主要集中在避孕方面，不过最近，专门为猫和狗销售的新药的推出可能会将食肉动物的生育研究扩展到以前被忽视的辅助生殖领域。特别是，由于犬卵泡卵母细胞的减数分裂能力较低，犬类仍然是生殖生物学家面临的一个真正挑战。在猫科动物中，卵母细胞成熟问题较小，并且可以实现与牛相当的胚胎生产效率。家猫是濒危猫科动物的宝贵模型，甚至可以用作野生猫科动物胚胎的受体。在这篇简短的综述中，我们列出了一些与在犬类和猫科动物中实施体外受精相关的问题，这些问题与它们的生殖特征有关，并且我们还讨论了牛、马和猪等其他一些家养物种的体外受精技术现状。
