Dehghan Parvin, Kharazi Mahboobeh, Rafiei Hossien, Akbari Mojtaba, Paria Gholam Reza
Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Adv Biomed Res. 2014 May 28;3:120. doi: 10.4103/2277-9175.133191. eCollection 2014.
Fungi are the major pathogens or allergens for which the air is the natural medium of their dispersal. Since the air pollution is associated with a wide range of adverse health outcomes, then identification of the type and population of fungi in these conditions will help the management of hygienic and control of fungal disease.
A total of 103 dust samples were collected from glass surfaces of different places by sedimentation method. Pollution standard indexes were provided by Environmental Protection Agency in Isfahan. All dust samples were mixed and homogenized in distilled water containing antibacterial agents. Serial cultures were done in 5 times experiments on two standard culture media. Isolated fungal colonies were identified by their standard morphologic and physiologic criteria. The analysis was performed by Mann-Whitney test calculating by SPSS version 20 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).
The real mean of total culture-able fungi in 1 g of sedimentation dust were account about 44800 colonies of different fungi. More than half of the viable fungi (62.8%) could grow out of 1 g of dust on Mycosel agar were the genera of Aspergillus, Penicillium and Cladosporium with 28.8%, 23.4% and 10.6% respectively. The dominant genus could grow on Sabouraud dextrose agar with chloramphenicol medium were the genera of Aspergillus, Cladosporium and Penicillium with 23.7%, 21.1% and 14.5% respectively.
Our data show the amount and variety of viable colony-forming fungi, which we are faced with in Isfahan during the air pollution condition. The real abundance of fungal particles and non-cultivable fungi in dust are still poorly understood and remain for further study in the future.
真菌是主要的病原体或过敏原，空气是其传播的天然介质。由于空气污染与多种不良健康后果相关，因此确定这些环境中真菌的类型和数量将有助于卫生管理和真菌疾病的控制。
采用沉降法从不同地点的玻璃表面采集了103份灰尘样本。伊斯法罕环境保护局提供了污染标准指标。所有灰尘样本在含有抗菌剂的蒸馏水中混合并均质化。在两种标准培养基上进行了5次系列培养实验。通过标准的形态学和生理学标准鉴定分离出的真菌菌落。分析采用SPSS 20版（美国伊利诺伊州芝加哥市SPSS公司）计算的曼-惠特尼检验。
1克沉降灰尘中可培养真菌的实际平均数量约为44800个不同真菌菌落。超过一半的活真菌（62.8%）能在1克灰尘中在霉菌琼脂上生长，其中曲霉属、青霉属和枝孢属分别占28.8%、23.4%和10.6%。在含氯霉素的沙氏葡萄糖琼脂培养基上占主导地位的属是曲霉属、枝孢属和青霉属，分别占23.7%、21.1%和14.5%。
我们的数据显示了在伊斯法罕空气污染期间我们所面临的可形成菌落的活真菌的数量和种类。灰尘中真菌颗粒和不可培养真菌的实际丰度仍知之甚少，有待未来进一步研究。
