Salazar Gabriela, Vasquez Fabian, Concha Fernando, Rodriguez Maria Del Pilar, Berlanga Maria Del Rocio, Rojas Juanita, Muñoz Alvaro, Andrade Margarita
Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA). University of Chile..
National Boards of Day Care Centres..
Nutr Hosp. 2014 May 1;29(5):1004-12. doi: 10.3305/nh.2014.29.5.7316.
A pilot intervention was conducted to promote physical activity and nutrition in public preschool education (near half a million children in Chile), in order to prevent obesity.
To assess the primary (body fat) and secondary outcomes (physical activity and energy intake) of a nutrition and physical activity pilot intervention for preschool children, attending day care centres.
A pilot intervention in six day care centres selected at random (n = 530), in 4-5 years old preschool children, Santiago, Chile intending to: provide nutritional and physical activity education to educators and health promotion activities for the family, which in turn, will affect the primary (body fat), and secondary outcomes (physical activity pattern and energy food intake) were measured in a representative subsample of 120 intervened and 145 controls children.
In relation to secondary outcomes monitoring, moderate-vigorous activity was duplicated in the intervention group (+5.4% and +4.7%, respectively), in both obese and eutrophic children. Energy intake decreased in 11.7% in obese and 7.5% in eutrophic children. Dietary fat intake was reduced (-11 g in obese and -8.4 g in eutrophic children). Intervened obese children reduced body fat in 1.5%, meanwhile in control obese children, body fat increased 1.3% (p < 0.01).
The pilot intervention demonstrated the feasibility to influence dietary risk factors and physical activity at the day care centres and families. Therefore, the implementation of the validated intervention program will be tested in different weather conditions, to prevent unhealthy habits in preschool children and their families.
开展了一项试点干预措施，以促进公共学前教育中的体育活动和营养（智利近50万儿童），预防肥胖。
评估针对日托中心学龄前儿童的营养与体育活动试点干预措施的主要（体脂）和次要结果（体育活动和能量摄入）。
在智利圣地亚哥对随机选择的6所日托中心（n = 530）的4 - 5岁学龄前儿童进行试点干预，旨在：为教育工作者提供营养和体育活动教育，并为家庭开展健康促进活动，这反过来会影响主要结果（体脂），并在120名干预儿童和145名对照儿童的代表性子样本中测量次要结果（体育活动模式和能量食物摄入）。
关于次要结果监测，干预组中肥胖和营养正常的儿童中度至剧烈活动量均翻倍（分别增加5.4%和4.7%）。肥胖儿童的能量摄入减少了11.7%，营养正常儿童减少了7.5%。膳食脂肪摄入量减少（肥胖儿童减少11克，营养正常儿童减少8.4克）。干预的肥胖儿童体脂减少了1.5%，而对照肥胖儿童体脂增加了1.3%（p < 0.01）。
试点干预表明在日托中心和家庭中影响饮食风险因素和体育活动是可行的。因此，将在不同天气条件下测试经过验证的干预计划的实施情况，以预防学龄前儿童及其家庭的不健康习惯。
