Papademetriou Vasilios, Katsiki Niki, Doumas Michael, Faselis Charles
VA Medical Centre, 50 Irving str NW-151-E, Washington DC 20422.
Curr Pharm Des. 2014;20(40):6339-49. doi: 10.2174/1381612820666140620162157.
Aging is associated with arterial stiffening and subsequent acceleration of pulse wave movement. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension and dyslipidemia are associated with increased arterial stiffness, a 'premature' arterial aging. Antihypertensive drugs exhibit beneficial effects on arterial stiffness, both at the central and peripheral level, and these effects are mainly attributed to blood pressure reduction per se. However, additional benefits of the renin-angiotensin system inhibitors have been recently suggested. Furthermore, a disparity in the effects of beta-blockers on arterial stiffness between conventional and vasodilatory agents has also been suggested. Statin treatment is an essential element of cardiovascular therapy and statins are frequently administered by patients with cardiovascular risk factors or established cardiovascular disease. The effects of statins on arterial stiffness are not yet well established. Moreover, the effects of combining statins with antihypertensive drugs or other strategies to attenuate arterial aging are not adequately studied. The aim of the current review is to present the effects of available therapeutic strategies on arterial stiffness with special emphasis on hypolipidemic and antihypertensive drugs, critically evaluate available information and provide future perspectives in this field.
衰老与动脉僵硬度增加以及随后脉搏波运动加速相关。传统心血管危险因素，如高血压和血脂异常，与动脉僵硬度增加有关，即“过早”的动脉衰老。抗高血压药物在中枢和外周水平对动脉僵硬度均有有益作用，且这些作用主要归因于血压本身的降低。然而，最近有人提出肾素-血管紧张素系统抑制剂还有其他益处。此外，也有人提出传统β受体阻滞剂与血管舒张性β受体阻滞剂对动脉僵硬度的影响存在差异。他汀类药物治疗是心血管治疗的重要组成部分，心血管危险因素患者或已确诊心血管疾病的患者经常服用他汀类药物。他汀类药物对动脉僵硬度的影响尚未完全明确。此外，他汀类药物与抗高血压药物联合使用或其他减轻动脉衰老策略的效果也未得到充分研究。本综述的目的是介绍现有治疗策略对动脉僵硬度的影响，特别强调降血脂和抗高血压药物，批判性地评估现有信息，并提供该领域的未来展望。
