患有自闭症谱系障碍的年轻成年男性的默认模式网络：与自闭症谱系特征的关系。
Default mode network in young male adults with autism spectrum disorder: relationship with autism spectrum traits.
作者信息
Jung Minyoung, Kosaka Hirotaka, Saito Daisuke N, Ishitobi Makoto, Morita Tomoyo, Inohara Keisuke, Asano Mizuki, Arai Sumiyoshi, Munesue Toshio, Tomoda Akemi, Wada Yuji, Sadato Norihiro, Okazawa Hidehiko, Iidaka Tetsuya
机构信息
Developmental Emotional Intelligence, Division of Developmental Higher Brain Functions, Department of Child Development United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University and University of Fukui, Fukui, Eiheiji 910-1193, Japan.
Developmental Emotional Intelligence, Division of Developmental Higher Brain Functions, Department of Child Development United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University and University of Fukui, Fukui, Eiheiji 910-1193, Japan ; Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Fukui, Eiheiji 910-1193, Japan ; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Eiheiji 910-1193, Japan ; Biomedical Imaging Research Center, University of Fukui, Fukui, Eiheiji 910-1193, Japan.
出版信息
Mol Autism. 2014 Jun 11;5:35. doi: 10.1186/2040-2392-5-35. eCollection 2014.
BACKGROUND
Autism spectrum traits are postulated to lie on a continuum that extends between individuals with autism and individuals with typical development (TD). Social cognition properties that are deeply associated with autism spectrum traits have been linked to functional connectivity between regions within the brain's default mode network (DMN). Previous studies have shown that the resting-state functional connectivities (rs-FCs) of DMN are low and show negative correlation with the level of autism spectrum traits in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, it is unclear whether individual differences of autism spectrum traits are associated with the strength of rs-FCs of DMN in participants including the general population.
METHODS
Using the seed-based approach, we investigated the rs-FCs of DMN, particularly including the following two core regions of DMN: the anterior medial prefrontal cortex (aMPFC) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) in 19 young male adults with high-functioning ASD (mean age = 25.3 ± 6.9 years; autism-spectrum quotient (AQ) = 33.4 ± 4.2; full scale IQ (F-IQ) = 109.7 ± 12.4) compared with 21 age- and IQ-matched young male adults from the TD group (mean age = 24.8 ± 4.3 years; AQ = 18.6 ± 5.7; F-IQ = 109.5 ± 8.7). We also analyzed the correlation between the strength of rs-FCs and autism spectrum traits measured using AQ score.
RESULTS
The strengths of rs-FCs from core regions of DMN were significantly lower in ASD participants than TD participants. Under multiple regression analysis, the strengths of rs-FCs in brain areas from aMPFC seed showed negative correlation with AQ scores in ASD participants and TD participants.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest that the strength of rs-FCs in DMN is associated with autism spectrum traits in the TD population as well as patients with ASD, supporting the continuum view. The rs-FCs of DMN may be useful biomarkers for the objective identification of autism spectrum traits, regardless of ASD diagnosis.
背景
自闭症谱系特征被假定存在于一个连续体上，该连续体介于自闭症个体和典型发育（TD）个体之间。与自闭症谱系特征密切相关的社会认知特性已与大脑默认模式网络（DMN）内各区域之间的功能连接性联系起来。先前的研究表明，自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）个体中DMN的静息态功能连接性（rs-FC）较低，且与自闭症谱系特征水平呈负相关。然而，尚不清楚在包括普通人群在内的参与者中，自闭症谱系特征的个体差异是否与DMN的rs-FC强度相关。
方法
采用基于种子点的方法，我们研究了19名高功能ASD年轻男性成年人（平均年龄 = 25.3 ± 6.9岁；自闭症谱系商数（AQ）= 33.4 ± 4.2；全量表智商（F-IQ）= 109.7 ± 12.4）与21名来自TD组的年龄和智商匹配的年轻男性成年人（平均年龄 = 24.8 ± 4.3岁；AQ = 18.6 ± 5.7；F-IQ = 109.5 ± 8.7）中DMN的rs-FC，特别包括DMN的以下两个核心区域：前内侧前额叶皮层（aMPFC）和后扣带回皮层（PCC）。我们还分析了rs-FC强度与使用AQ分数测量的自闭症谱系特征之间的相关性。
结果
ASD参与者中DMN核心区域的rs-FC强度显著低于TD参与者。在多元回归分析中，来自aMPFC种子点的脑区rs-FC强度与ASD参与者和TD参与者的AQ分数呈负相关。
结论
我们的研究结果表明，DMN中rs-FC的强度与TD人群以及ASD患者的自闭症谱系特征相关，支持连续体观点。DMN的rs-FC可能是客观识别自闭症谱系特征的有用生物标志物，无论是否诊断为ASD。
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