Organ dysfunction and organ failure as predictors of outcomes of severe maternal morbidity in an obstetric intensive care unit.

BACKGROUND

Most of the maternal deaths are preceded by severe maternal morbidity (SMM). Organ dysfunction and organ failure may occur as part of the pathophysiologic spectrum in SMM.

AIM

To determine the predictive and discriminative abilities of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores to determine outcomes in pregnant women with SMM, who were admitted to a maternal ICU.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A retrospective study design was used to ascertain the diagnostic effectiveness of Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores. Maximum individual SOFA scores and total maximum SOFA score were compared between women with and without SMM, and in women with SMM who survived or did not survive. Primary outcome measure of interest was maternal mortality.

RESULTS

A majority (n=73, 85.88%) of the 85 women in the study had obstetrics related causes. The total maximum SOFA score was significantly higher in women with SMM as compared to that in women without SMM (p<0.001). The total maximum SOFA score showed ability to discriminate pregnant women with SMM who would not survive (AUROC 0.77, 95% CI: 0.46, 1.00). The positive likelihood ratios and accuracy for total SOFA scores of ≥10 and ≥12 were 19.20 and 38.40, and 94.20% and 95.65% respectively. The post-test probabilities for maternal deaths in women with SMM for SOFA scores ≥10 and ≥12 were 60.01% and 75.01% respectively.

CONCLUSION

The total maximum SOFA score showed good predictive and discriminative abilities for maternal mortality in pregnant women with SMM, who were admitted to ICU.