Osei Ernest K, Darko Johnson
Department of Medical Physics, Grand River Regional Cancer Center, Kitchener, Canada N2G 1G3 ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada N2L 3G1.
Cancer Center of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, Canada K7L 5P9 ; Department of Oncology, Queens University, Kingston, Canada K7L 5P9.
ISRN Radiol. 2012 Sep 25;2013:318425. doi: 10.5402/2013/318425. eCollection 2013.
In diagnostic radiology examinations there is a benefit that the patient derives from the resulting diagnosis. Given that so many examinations are performed each year, it is inevitable that there will be occasions when an examination(s) may be inadvertently performed on pregnant patients or occasionally it may become clinically necessary to perform an examination(s) on a pregnant patient. In all these circumstances it is necessary to request an estimation of the foetal dose and risk. We initiated a study to investigate fetal doses from different countries. Exposure techniques on 367 foetuses from 414 examinations were collected and investigated. The FetDoseV4 program was used for all dose and risk estimations. The radiation doses received by the 367 foetuses ranges: <0.001-21.9 mGy depending on examination and technique. The associated probability of induced hereditary effect ranges: <1 in 200000000 (5 × 10(-9)) to 1 in 10000 (1 × 10(-4)) and the risk of childhood cancer ranges <1 in 12500000 (8 × 10(-8)) to 1 in 500 (2 × 10(-3)). The data indicates that foetal doses from properly conducted diagnostic radiology examinations will not result in any deterministic effect and a negligible risk of causing radiation induced hereditary effect in the descendants of the unborn child.
在诊断放射学检查中，患者能从最终的诊断结果中获益。鉴于每年进行的检查数量众多，难免会出现对孕妇无意中进行检查的情况，或者偶尔对孕妇进行检查在临床上变得必要。在所有这些情况下，都有必要要求估算胎儿剂量和风险。我们开展了一项研究，以调查不同国家的胎儿剂量。收集并研究了414次检查中367例胎儿的照射技术。所有剂量和风险估算均使用FetDoseV4程序。367例胎儿所接受的辐射剂量范围为：根据检查和技术不同，<0.001 - 21.9毫戈瑞。诱发遗传效应的相关概率范围为：<2亿分之一（5×10⁻⁹）至万分之一（1×10⁻⁴），儿童患癌风险范围为<1250万分之一（8×10⁻⁸）至500分之一（2×10⁻³）。数据表明，正确进行的诊断放射学检查所产生的胎儿剂量不会导致任何确定性效应，且在未出生儿童后代中诱发辐射遗传效应的风险可忽略不计。
