Osei Ernest K, Darko Johnson
Department of Medical Physics, Grand River Regional Cancer Center, Kitchener, ON, Canada N2G 1G3 ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1.
Cancer Center of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 5P9 ; Department of Oncology, Queens University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 5P9.
ISRN Radiol. 2012 Sep 6;2013:204346. doi: 10.5402/2013/204346. eCollection 2013.
The quantification of radiation risks associated with radiological examinations has been a subject of interest with the increased use of X-rays. Effective dose, which is a risk-weighted measure of radiation to organs in the body associated with radiological examination, is considered a good indicator of radiological risk. We have therefore investigated patient effective doses from radiological examinations. Organ and effective doses were estimated for 94 patients who underwent computed tomography examinations and for 338 patients who had conventional radiography examinations. The OrgDose (version 2) program was used for the estimation of effective doses. The tube potential ranges: 57 kVp to 138 kVp depending on the examination and patient size. The entrance surface doses have a wide range even for the same examination: 0.44-10.31 mGy (abdomen) and 0.66-16.08 mGy (lumbar spine) and the corresponding effective dose ranges 0.025-0.77 mSv and 0.025-0.95 mSv respectively. Effective dose for adult abdomen-pelvic CT examinations ranges 5.4-19.8 mSv with a mean of 13.6 mSv and for pediatrics ranges 2.1-5.5 mSv with a mean of 2.7 mSv. The mean effective dose for adult chest and head CT examinations are 7.9 and 1.8 mSv respectively and for pediatrics are 1.7 and 1.1 mSv.
随着X射线使用的增加，与放射检查相关的辐射风险量化一直是人们关注的课题。有效剂量是与放射检查相关的对身体器官辐射的风险加权度量，被认为是放射风险的良好指标。因此，我们对放射检查中的患者有效剂量进行了调查。对94例接受计算机断层扫描检查的患者和338例进行传统X射线摄影检查的患者的器官剂量和有效剂量进行了估计。使用OrgDose（版本2）程序估计有效剂量。管电压范围为57 kVp至138 kVp，具体取决于检查和患者体型。即使对于相同的检查，入射表面剂量也有很大范围：腹部为0.44 - 10.31 mGy，腰椎为0.66 - 16.08 mGy，相应的有效剂量范围分别为0.025 - 0.77 mSv和0.025 - 0.95 mSv。成人腹部-盆腔CT检查的有效剂量范围为5.4 - 19.8 mSv，平均为13.6 mSv，儿科为2.1 - 5.5 mSv，平均为2.7 mSv。成人胸部和头部CT检查的平均有效剂量分别为7.9 mSv和1.8 mSv，儿科分别为1.7 mSv和1.1 mSv。
