Buczek Alicja, Bartosik Katarzyna, Kuczyński Paweł
Chair and Department of Biology and Parasitology, Medical University, Lublin, Poland.
Chair and Department of Rehabilitation and Orthopaedics, Medical University, Lublin, Poland.
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2014;21(2):259-62. doi: 10.5604/1232-1966.1108587.
Ixodes ricinus tick is of great medical and veterinary importance and has a wide range of geographical distribution. The study presents the effect of permethrin (Per) and cypermethrin (CM) on engorged I. ricinus females.
The effect of perythroids studied on engorged I. ricinus females was assessed on the basis of the pre-oviposition and oviposition period. Remote effects of Per and CM application were assessed by investigation of the length and course of embryonic development and larval hatching from eggs laid by pyrethroid-treated females. Per (Copex WP) was used at doses of 0.78125-25.0 µg/1 specimen, and CM (Kordon 10WP) was applied at 0.3125-10.0 µg/1 specimen. Immediately after the feeding period, I. ricinus females were sprayed with 20 µl of a pyrethroid solution and kept at 28 °C and 75%RH.
The experiments demonstrated that CM exerted a stronger toxic effect on I. ricinus females than Per. The lowest doses of CM doubled the length of the pre-oviposition period while its highest doses prolonged the period nearly three times compared with the control. The pyrethroids applied reduced the number and weight of eggs and changed the parameters of the oviposition process. Application of the tested pyrethroid doses led to disturbances in the embryonic development of I. ricinus, i.e. the development was prolonged, few normal larvae hatched, numerous eggs and embryos at various developmental stages died, and larval hatch was inhibited.
Knowledge about the sensitivity of engorged females to different doses of the tested pyrethroids and the remote effects of their action can be used in practice for tick control among livestock animals, and the reduction of tick population abundance in the environment.
蓖麻硬蜱具有重大的医学和兽医学意义，地理分布广泛。本研究呈现了氯菊酯（Per）和氯氰菊酯（CM）对饱血蓖麻硬蜱雌虫的影响。
基于产卵前期和产卵期评估所研究拟除虫菊酯对饱血蓖麻硬蜱雌虫的影响。通过调查经拟除虫菊酯处理的雌虫所产虫卵的胚胎发育长度和进程以及幼虫孵化情况，评估Per和CM施用的远期效应。Per（Copex WP）的使用剂量为0.78125 - 25.0微克/1只样本，CM（Kordon 10WP）的使用剂量为0.3125 - 10.0微克/1只样本。饱血期结束后，立即给蓖麻硬蜱雌虫喷洒20微升拟除虫菊酯溶液，并置于28℃和75%相对湿度环境中。
实验表明，CM对蓖麻硬蜱雌虫的毒性作用强于Per。CM的最低剂量使产卵前期延长了一倍，而其最高剂量使该时期比对照延长了近三倍。施用拟除虫菊酯减少了虫卵数量和重量，并改变了产卵过程参数。施用测试剂量的拟除虫菊酯导致蓖麻硬蜱胚胎发育出现紊乱，即发育延长，正常孵化的幼虫数量少，众多处于不同发育阶段的虫卵和胚胎死亡，幼虫孵化受到抑制。
关于饱血雌虫对不同剂量测试拟除虫菊酯的敏感性及其作用的远期效应的知识，可在实际中用于控制家畜身上的蜱虫，并减少环境中蜱虫种群数量。
